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WebAssembly (wasm) has recently emerged as a promisingly portable, size-efficient, fast, and safe binary format for the web. As WebAssembly can interact freely with JavaScript libraries, this gives rise to a potential for undesirable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-06 William Fu , Raymond Lin , Daniel Inge

WebAssembly (abbreviated WASM) has emerged as a promising language of the Web and also been used for a wide spectrum of software applications such as mobile applications and desktop applications. These applications, named as WASM…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Yixuan Zhang , Shangtong Cao , Haoyu Wang , Zhenpeng Chen , Xiapu Luo , Dongliang Mu , Yun Ma , Gang Huang , Xuanzhe Liu

WebAssembly is the fourth officially endorsed Web language. It is recognized because of its efficiency and design, focused on security. Yet, its swiftly expanding ecosystem lacks robust software diversification systems. We introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Javier Cabrera-Arteaga , Nicholas Fitzgerald , Martin Monperrus , Benoit Baudry

Modern high-assurance software systems development favors memory safe languages such as SPARK (ADA) or Rust. However, developers often encounter non-memory safe code (e.g., C) in legacy systems and libraries which would be prohibitively…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Caleb Helbling , Graham Leach-Krouse , Michael Crystal

WebAssembly has become a crucial part of the modern web, offering a faster alternative to JavaScript in browsers. While boosting rich applications in browser, this technology is also very efficient to develop cryptojacking malware. This has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Javier Cabrera-Arteaga , Martin Monperrus , Tim Toady , Benoit Baudry

WebAssembly is quickly becoming a popular compilation target for a variety of code. However, vulnerabilities in the source languages translate to vulnerabilities in the WebAssembly binaries. This work proposes a methodology and a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Weiqi Feng

WebAssembly enables near-native execution in web applications and is increasingly adopted for tasks that demand high performance and robust security. However, its assembly-like syntax, implicit stack machine, and low-level data types make…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Weike Fang , Zhejian Zhou , Junzhou He , Weihang Wang

WebAssembly (Wasm) has become a key compilation target for portable and efficient execution across diverse platforms. Benchmarking its performance, however, is a multi-dimensional challenge: it depends not only on the choice of runtime…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Riccardo Carissimi , Ben L. Titzer

Binary rewriting is a widely adopted technique in software analysis. WebAssembly (Wasm), as an emerging bytecode format, has attracted great attention from our community. Unfortunately, there is no general-purpose binary rewriting framework…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Shangtong Cao , Ningyu He , Yao Guo , Haoyu Wang

Web browsers are integral parts of everyone's daily life. They are commonly used for security-critical and privacy sensitive tasks, like banking transactions and checking medical records. Unfortunately, modern web browsers are too complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Jungwon Lim , Yonghwi Jin , Mansour Alharthi , Xiaokuan Zhang , Jinho Jung , Rajat Gupta , Kuilin Li , Daehee Jang , Taesoo Kim

All modern web browsers - Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, and Safari - have a core rendering engine written in C++. This language choice was made because it affords the systems programmer complete control of the underlying…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-05-28 Brian Anderson , Lars Bergstrom , David Herman , Josh Matthews , Keegan McAllister , Manish Goregaokar , Jack Moffitt , Simon Sapin

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a low-level binary format for web applications, which has found widespread adoption due to its improved performance and compatibility with existing software. However, the popularity of Wasm has also led to its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Nils Loose , Felix Mächtle , Claudius Pott , Volodymyr Bezsmertnyi , Thomas Eisenbarth

Safe, shared-memory interoperability between languages with different type systems and memory-safety guarantees is an intricate problem as crossing language boundaries may result in memory-safety violations. In this paper, we present…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Zoe Paraskevopoulou , Michael Fitzgibbons , Michelle Thalakottur , Noble Mushtak , Jose Sulaiman Mazur , Amal Ahmed

In recent years, stealthy Android malware has increasingly adopted sophisticated techniques to bypass automatic detection mechanisms and harden manual analysis. Adversaries typically rely on obfuscation, anti-repacking, steganography,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Diego Soi , Silvia Lucia Sanna , Lorenzo Pisu , Leonardo Regano , Giorgio Giacinto

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a binary instruction format that enables portable, sandboxed, and near-native execution across heterogeneous platforms, making it well-suited for serverless workflow execution on browsers, edge nodes, and cloud…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Mario Colosi , Reza Farahani , Lauri Loven , Radu Prodan , Massimo Villari

Disassembly of binary code is hard, but necessary for improving the security of binary software. Over the past few decades, research in binary disassembly has produced many tools and frameworks, which have been made available to researchers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Chengbin Pang , Ruotong Yu , Yaohui Chen , Eric Koskinen , Georgios Portokalidis , Bing Mao , Jun Xu

WebAssembly (Wasm) is an emerging binary format that draws great attention from our community. However, Wasm binaries are weakly protected, as they can be read, edited, and manipulated by adversaries using either the officially provided…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shangtong Cao , Ningyu He , Yao Guo , Haoyu Wang

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a portable bytecode format that serves as a compilation target for high-level languages, enabling their secure and efficient execution across diverse platforms, including web browsers and embedded systems. To improve…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Byeongjee Kang , Harsh Desai , Limin Jia , Brandon Lucia

WebAssembly (WASM) is an immensely versatile and increasingly popular compilation target. It executes applications written in several languages (e.g., C/C++) with near-native performance in various domains (e.g., mobile, edge, cloud).…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Martin Fink , Dimitrios Stavrakakis , Dennis Sprokholt , Soham Chakraborty , Jan-Erik Ekberg , Pramod Bhatotia

Many tools and libraries are readily available to build and operate distributed Web applications. While the setup of operational environments is comparatively easy, practice shows that their continuous secure operation is more difficult to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-07-13 Matteo Maria Casalino , Michele Mangili , Henrik Plate , Serena Elisa Ponta