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The Mpemba effect, where a state prepared farther from equilibrium relaxes faster to equilibrium than one prepared closer, has a quantum counterpart where relaxation is resolved by conserved charge. However, the fate of the quantum Mpemba…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Han-Ze Li , Ching Hua Lee , Shuo Liu , Shi-Xin Zhang , Jian-Xin Zhong

The quantum Mpemba effect (QME) describes the counterintuitive phenomenon in which a system farther from equilibrium reaches steady state faster than one closer to equilibrium. However, ambiguity in defining a suitable distance measure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Dongheng Qian , Huan Wang , Jing Wang

When a cup of hot coffee is suddenly put into a cold environment, it cools down as a function of time $t$ until the internal temperature $T_\text{int}$ of the coffee equals the external ambient temperature $T_\text{ext}$. This instantaneous…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-14 Hartmut Löwen

Slow relaxation processes spanning widely separated timescales pose fundamental challenges for probing steady-state properties and engineering functional quantum systems, such as quantum heat engines and quantum computing devices. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Ruicheng Bao , Zhonghuai Hou

The Mpemba effect is a fingerprint of the anomalous relaxation phenomenon wherein an initially hotter system equilibrates faster than an initially colder system when both are quenched to the same low temperature. Experiments on a single…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-16 Apurba Biswas , R. Rajesh , Arnab Pal

Symmetry plays a fundamental role in many-body systems, both in and out of equilibrium. The quantum Mpemba effect (QME) - a phenomenon where systems initially farther from equilibrium can thermalize faster - can be understood in terms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Andrew Hallam , Matthew Yusuf , Aashish A. Clerk , Ivar Martin , Zlatko Papić

The quantum Mpemba effect (QME) is a phenomenon observed in many-body systems where initial systems configurations farther from equilibrium can be observed to equilibrate faster than configurations that are closer to it. By considering…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Matthew Mackinnon , Mauro Paternostro

We review the Mpemba effect, where intially hot water freezes faster than initially cold water. While the effect appears impossible at first sight, it has been seen in numerous experiments, was reported on by Aristotle, Francis Bacon, and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2011-11-10 Monwhea Jeng

We explore the role of exceptional points and complex eigenvalues on the occurrence of the quantum Mpemba effect. To this end, we study a two-level driven dissipative system subjected to an oscillatory electric field and dissipative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-17 Amit Kumar Chatterjee , Satoshi Takada , Hisao Hayakawa

Water exhibits many unique properties compared to other liquids, with some of these explained and others remaining enigmatic. Among them, it was proposed and extensively debated that hot water would freeze faster than cold water. Numerous…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 James D. Brownridge , Matthieu Zinet , Paul Sotta , Francois Ganachaud

By the standard second law of thermodynamics, heat spontaneously flows from a hotter body to a colder body. However, quantum systems in which quantum correlations play a prominent role can exhibit a non-classical reversal of such heat flow.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Saleh Naghdi , Thomas Quella , Charles D. Hill

This work explores the emergence of Mpemba-like effects within the quantum theory of lasers. By examining the temporal dynamics of photon number statistics in a single-mode laser above threshold, we reveal the curious and counterintuitive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Stefano Longhi

In the 1960s, Tanzanian student Erasto Mpemba and his teacher published an article with the title "Cool" in the journal Physics Education (Mpemba, E. B. - Osborne, D. G.: Cool?. In: Physics Education, vol.4, 1969, pp. 172-175.). In this…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-06-05 Marek Balazovic , Boris Tomasik

We investigate the direct and inverse Mpemba effects within the framework of the time-delayed Newton's law of cooling by introducing and analyzing the Descartes protocol, a three-reservoir thermal scheme in which each sample undergoes a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-09 Andrés Santos

The Mpemba effect is the counterintuitive phenomenon in statistical physics for which a far-from-equilibrium state can relax toward equilibrium faster than a state closer to equilibrium. This effect has raised a great curiosity since long…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-29 Stefano Longhi

The quantum Pontus-Mpemba effect (QPME) is a counterintuitive phenomenon wherein a quantum system relaxes more rapidly through a two-step evolution protocol than through direct evolution under a symmetric Hamiltonian alone. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Hui Yu , Jiangping Hu , Shi-Xin Zhang

The Mpemba and Kovacs effects are two notable memory phenomena observed in nonequilibrium relaxation processes. In a recent study [Phys.~Rev.~E \textbf{109}, 044149 (2024)], these effects were analyzed within the framework of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-13 Andrés Santos

Monitoring a quantum system can profoundly alter its dynamical properties, leading to nontrivial emergent phenomena. In this work, we demonstrate that dynamical measurements strongly influence the evolution of symmetry in many-body quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Giuseppe Di Giulio , Xhek Turkeshi , Sara Murciano

Let a general quantum many-body system at a low temperature adiabatically cross through the vicinity of the system's quantum critical point. We show that the system's temperature is significantly suppressed due to both the entropy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-08-27 Shi-Jian Gu

We study the thermalization dynamics of a quantum system embedded in an incommensurate potential and coupled to a Markovian thermal reservoir. The dephasing induced by the bath drives the system toward an infinite-temperature steady state,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Mingdi Xu , Zijun Wei , Xiang-Ping Jiang , Lei Pan
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