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Communication at millimeter wave (mmWave) bands is expected to become a key ingredient of next generation (5G) wireless networks. Effective mmWave communications require fast and reliable methods for beamforming at both the User Equipment…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Xiaoshen Song , Saeid Haghighatshoar , Giuseppe Caire

Non-fixed flexible antenna architectures, such as fluid antenna system (FAS), movable antenna (MA), and pinching antenna, have garnered significant interest in recent years. In this paper, we propose a new rotatable antenna (RA) model to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Beixiong Zheng , Qingjie Wu , Tiantian Ma , Rui Zhang

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) communications with hybrid precoding architectures have been regarded as energy-efficient solutions to fulfill the vision of high-speed transmissions for 6G communications. Benefiting from the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-05 Zidong Wu , Linglong Dai

A kind of asymmetric transmission (AT) device based on bilayer silicon arrays (BSA) nanostructure is theoretically explored, which achieves high forward transmissivity and suppressed backward transmissivity for broadband by simply adjusting…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-27 Ruihan Ma , Yuqing Cheng , Mengtao Sun

With the deployment of large antenna arrays at high frequency bands, future wireless communication systems are likely to operate in the radiative near-field. Unlike far-field beam steering, near-field beams can be focused within a spatial…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Ahmed Hussain , Asmaa Abdallah , Abdulkadir Celik , Ahmed M. Eltawil

This paper studies a novel training-free energy beam focusing approach for a near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) system with extremely large-scale antenna array (ELAA). In particular, we focus on the setup with one access point (AP)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Li Zhang , Zixiang Ren , Yuan Fang , Ling Qiu , Jie Xu

Mono-static sensing operations in ISAC perform joint beamforming between transmitter and receiver. However, in contrast to pure radar systems, ISAC requires to fulfill communications tasks and to retain the corresponding design constraints…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Alexander Felix , Silvio Mandelli , Marcus Henninger , Stephan ten Brink

Massive MIMO is a promising air interface technique for 5G wireless communications. Such antennas offers capabilities to utilize channel correlations to create beams suitable for user specific transmissions. Most of the prior research is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-07 Sven O. Petersson , Maksym A. Girnyk

Next-generation communication and localization systems increasingly rely on extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays), which promise unprecedented spatial resolution and new functionalities. These gains arise from their inherent operation in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Gilles Monnoyer , Jérôme Louveaux , Laurence Defraigne , Baptiste Sambon , Luc Vandendorpe

Movable-antenna (MA) arrays are envisioned as a promising technique for enhancing secrecy performance in wireless communications by leveraging additional spatial degrees of freedom. However, when the eavesdropper is located in the same…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Chu Li , Marjan Boloori , Eduard Jorswieck , Aydin Sezgin

This article focuses on the near-field effect in terahertz (THz) communications and sensing systems. By equipping with extremely large-scale antenna arrays (ELAAs), the near-field region in THz systems can be possibly extended to hundreds…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Zhaolin Wang , Xidong Mu , Yuanwei Liu

This paper investigates robust secure communications in a near-field integrated sensing, communication, and powering (ISCAP) system, in which the base station (BS) is equipped with an extremely large-scale antenna array (ELAA). In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Zixiang Ren , Siyao Zhang , Ling Qiu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Jie Xu

Extremely large-scale array (XL-array) has emerged as a promising technology to enhance the spectrum efficiency and spatial resolution in future wireless networks, leading to a fundamental paradigm shift from conventional far-field…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Yunpu Zhang , Changsheng You , Weijie Yuan , Fan Liu , Rui Zhang

Movable antenna (MA) has been recognized as a promising technology to improve communication performance in future wireless networks such as 6G. To unleash its potential, this paper proposes a novel architecture, namely extremely large-scale…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Min Fu , Lipeng Zhu , Rui Zhang

In order to cope with the large path-loss exponent of mm-Wave channels, a high beamforming gain is needed. This can be achieved with small hardware complexity and high hardware power efficiency by Hybrid Digital-Analog (HDA) beamforming,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-10 Saeid Haghighatshoar , Giuseppe Caire

Sparse arrays have emerged as a popular alternative to the conventional uniform linear array (ULA) due to the enhanced degrees of freedom (DOF) and superior resolution offered by them. In the passive setting, these advantages are realized…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-05 Pulak Sarangi , Mehmet Can Hucumenoglu , Robin Rajamaki , Piya Pal

This article presents an overview and analysis of spatial-to-spectral harmonic-modulated arrays (SHAs). Compared to traditional analog or digital beamforming arrays, SHAs enable concurrent multi-beamforming without requiring substantial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Jose Guajardo , Ali Niknejad

This study investigates subarray-level movable antenna (MA) architecture for multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) systems. Unlike conventional systems with fixed-position antennas (FPAs), the proposed scheme harnesses the additional positional degrees…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-22 Shanshan Zhang , Songjie Yang , Wenxuan Zhang , Youzhi Xiong , Siya Yao

Aperture array (AA) technology is at the forefront of new developments and discoveries in radio astronomy. Currently LOFAR is successfully demonstrating the capabilities of dense and sparse AA's at low frequencies. For the mid-frequencies,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-21 Ilse M. van Bemmel , Arnold van Ardenne , Jan Geralt bij de Vaate , Andrew J. Faulkner , Raffaella Morganti

In this letter, we propose to deploy rotatable antennas (RAs) at the base station (BS) to enhance both communication and sensing (C&S) performances, by exploiting a new spatial degree-of-freedom (DoF) offered by array rotation.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-14 Chao Zhou , Changsheng You , Beixiong Zheng , Xiaodan Shao , Rui Zhang
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