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A geometric approach to the standard model in terms of the Clifford algebra $% C\ell_{7}$ is advanced. The gauge symmetries and charge assignments of the fundamental fermions are seen to arise from a simple geometric model involving extra…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Greg Trayling

We propose a Clifford algebra approach to chiral symmetry breaking and fermion mass hierarchies in the context of composite Higgs bosons. Standard model fermions are represented by algebraic spinors of six-dimensional binary Clifford…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-09-28 Wei Lu

Fifty years ago the standard model offered an elegant new step towards understanding elementary fermion and boson fields, making several assumptions, suggested by experiments. The assumptions are still waiting for an explanation. There are…

General Physics · Physics 2021-11-29 Norma Susana Mankoc Borstnik , Holger Bech Nielsen

The author's idea of {\it algebraic compositeness} of fundamental particles, allowing to understand the existence in Nature of three fermion generations, is revisited. It is based on two postulates. i) For all fundamental particles of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 W. Krolikowski

I show how the isomorphism between the Lie groups of types $B_2$ and $C_2$ leads to a faithful action of the Clifford algebra $\mathcal C\ell(3,2)$ on the phase space of 2-dimensional dynamics, and hence to a mapping from Dirac spinors…

General Physics · Physics 2024-04-09 Robert A. Wilson

The Clifford algebra, generated by the real (Majorana) gamma-matrices and by a hermitian gamma_5, gives room to the reductive Lie algebra u(2,2) of the conformal group extended by the u(1) helicity operator. Its unitary positive energy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-05-31 Ivan Todorov

The internal degrees of freedom of fermions are in the spin-charge-family theory described by the Clifford algebra objects, which are superposition of an odd number of $\gamma^a$'s. Arranged into irreducible representations of…

General Physics · Physics 2020-04-02 D. Lukman , M. Komendyak , N. S. Mankoc Borstnik

We review a recently proposed Clifford-algebra approach to elementary particles. We start with: (1) a philosophical background that motivates a maximally symmetric treatment of position and momentum variables, and: (2) an analysis of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-14 Piotr Żenczykowski

We introduce a spacetime discretization of the Dirac equation that has the form of a quantum automaton and that is invariant upon changing the representation of the Clifford algebra, as the Dirac equation itself. Our derivation follows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-28 Pablo Arnault

Seven commuting elements of the Clifford algebra $Cl_{7,7}$ define seven binary eigenvalues that distinguish the $2^7=128$ states of 32 fermions, and determine their parity, electric charge and interactions. Three commuting elements of the…

General Physics · Physics 2023-06-14 Douglas Newman

The Standard Model of particle physics is derived from first principles from the free Dirac Lagrangian in 8-dimensional spacetime. Motivated by second quantization arguments, we embed the 4-dimensional Clifford algebra of the Dirac…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-18 Gonçalo M. Quinta

A simple geometric algebra is shown to contain automatically the leptons and quarks of a family of the Standard Model, and the electroweak and color gauge symmetries, without predicting extra particles and symmetries. The algebra is already…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-05-10 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

Quantum fields are considered as generators of infinite-dimensional Clifford algebra $Cl(\infty)$, which can be either orthogonal (in case of fermions) or symplectic (in case of bosons). A generic quantum state can be expressed as a…

General Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Matej Pavšič

A model of Yang-Mills interactions and gravity in terms of the Clifford algebra Cl(0,6) is presented. The gravity and Yang-Mills actions are formulated as different order terms in a generalized action. The feebleness of gravity as well as…

General Physics · Physics 2011-03-17 Wei Lu

Clifford algebras are used for constructing spin groups, and are therefore of particular importance in the theory of quantum mechanics. But the spin group is not the only subgroup of the Clifford algebra. An algebraist's perspective on…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-07-15 Robert A. Wilson

We construct new relativistic linear differential equation in $d$ dimensions generalizing Dirac equation by employing the Clifford algebra of the cubic polynomial associated to Klein-Gordon operator multiplied by the mass parameter. Unlike…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Mikhail S. Plyushchay , Michel Rausch de Traubenberg

The tensor product of the division algebras, which is a kernel for the structure of the Standard Model, is also a root for the Clifford algebra of (1,9)-space-time. A conventional Dirac Lagrangian, employing the (1,9)-Dirac operator acting…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Geoffrey Dixon

Gauge fields associated to the Dirac matrix algebra used with the standard quadratic gauge field Lagrangian lead to an extended gravitational Lagrangian which includes the Einstein-Hilbert one, plus quadratic, cosmological constant and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-08 Jean Pierre Pansart

The necessary appearance of Clifford algebras in the quantum description of fermions has prompted us to re-examine the fundamental role played by the quaternion Clifford algebra, C(0,2). This algebra is essentially the geometric algebra…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-03-06 Ernst Binz , Maurice A. de Gosson , Basil J. Hiley

The spin-base invariant formalism of Dirac fermions in curved space maintains the essential symmetries of general covariance as well as similarity transformations of the Clifford algebra. We emphasize the advantages of the spin-base…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-23 Holger Gies , Stefan Lippoldt
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