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Reinforcement learning (RL)-based post-training often improves the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs) beyond the training domain, while supervised fine-tuning (SFT) frequently leads to general capabilities forgetting.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Dan Shi , Zhuowen Han , Simon Ostermann , Renren Jin , Josef van Genabith , Deyi Xiong

In this paper, we introduce a method for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), inspired by Multi-Task learning in a federated manner. Our approach leverages the structure of each client's model and enables a learning scheme that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ahmed Elbakary , Chaouki Ben Issaid , Tamer ElBatt , Karim Seddik , Mehdi Bennis

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has become the default approach to fine-tune large language models (LLMs) due to its significant reduction in trainable parameters. However, trainable parameter demand for LoRA increases with increasing model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Seyedarmin Azizi , Souvik Kundu , Massoud Pedram

Benefiting from massive corpora and advanced hardware, large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, their performance degrades in scenarios where multiple tasks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Xiao Wang , Tianze Chen , Qiming Ge , Han Xia , Rong Bao , Rui Zheng , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang

Adapting pre-trained models to specialized tasks often leads to catastrophic forgetting, where new knowledge overwrites foundational capabilities. Existing methods either compromise performance on the new task or struggle to balance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Dyah Adila , Hanna Mazzawi , Benoit Dherin , Xavier Gonzalvo

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities in a multitude of NLP tasks. However, the efficacy of such models to languages other than English is often limited. Prior works have shown that encoder-only models such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Ashutosh Sathe , Sunayana Sitaram

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) lowers the computational and memory overhead of fine-tuning large models by updating a low-dimensional subspace of the pre-trained weight matrix. Albeit efficient, LoRA exhibits suboptimal convergence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yilang Zhang , Bingcong Li , Georgios B. Giannakis

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing, enabling advanced understanding and reasoning capabilities across a variety of tasks. Fine-tuning these models for specific domains, particularly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Chenlu Ding , Jiancan Wu , Yancheng Yuan , Jinda Lu , Kai Zhang , Alex Su , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Finetuned LLMs often exhibit poor uncertainty quantification, manifesting as overconfidence, poor calibration, and unreliable prediction results on test data or out-of-distribution samples. One approach commonly used in vision for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Xi Wang , Laurence Aitchison , Maja Rudolph

Fine-tuning Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on task-specific data is an effective way to improve performance on downstream applications. However, such adaptation often leads to a degradation in generalization on pretrained tasks, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hyeontaek Hwang , Nguyen Dinh Son , Daeyoung Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various tasks, accompanied by a continuous increase in their parameter size. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Peizhuang Cong , Wenpu Liu , Wenhan Yu , Haochen Zhao , Tong Yang

We revisit continual learning~(CL), which enables pre-trained vision transformers (ViTs) to sequentially fine-tune on new downstream tasks over time. However, as the scale of these models increases, catastrophic forgetting remains a more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Huancheng Chen , Jingtao Li , Weiming Zhuang , Chen Chen , Lingjuan Lyu

As open-weight large language models (LLMs) achieve ever more impressive performances across a wide range of tasks in English, practitioners aim to adapt these models to different languages. However, such language adaptation is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Anton Alexandrov , Veselin Raychev , Mark Niklas Müller , Ce Zhang , Martin Vechev , Kristina Toutanova

Large Language Models (LLMs) demand significant computational resources, making it essential to enhance their capabilities without retraining from scratch. A key challenge in this domain is \textit{catastrophic forgetting} (CF), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Haichao Wei , Yunxiang Ren , Zhoutong Fu , Aman Lunia , Yi-Lin Chen , Alice Leung , Ya Xu

We introduce compression laws for language language models (LLMs). While recent scaling laws have sought to understand how LLMs scale with respect to model size, pre-training data, and computational resources, we focus on understanding how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ayan Sengupta , Siddhant Chaudhary , Tanmoy Chakraborty

We are motivated primarily by the adaptation of text-to-speech synthesis models; however we argue that more generic parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is an appropriate framework to do such adaptation. Nevertheless, catastrophic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-10 Haolin Chen , Philip N. Garner

Adapting deep learning models to new domains often requires computationally intensive retraining and risks catastrophic forgetting. While fine-tuning enables domain-specific adaptation, it can reduce robustness to distribution shifts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Reza Akbarian Bafghi , Carden Bagwell , Avinash Ravichandran , Ashish Shrivastava , Maziar Raissi

Supervised fine-tuning is the most common method to adapt large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks, but full fine-tuning LLMs requires massive computational resources. Recently, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Xiangdi Meng , Damai Dai , Weiyao Luo , Zhe Yang , Shaoxiang Wu , Xiaochen Wang , Peiyi Wang , Qingxiu Dong , Liang Chen , Zhifang Sui

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) on robot teleoperation data to create vision-language-action (VLA) models is a promising paradigm for training generalist policies, but it suffers from a fundamental tradeoff: learning to produce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Asher J. Hancock , Xindi Wu , Lihan Zha , Olga Russakovsky , Anirudha Majumdar

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become the standard approach for adapting large language models under limited compute and memory budgets. Although previous methods improve efficiency through low-rank updates, quantization, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zhuxuanzi Wang , Mingqiao Mo , Xi Xiao , Chen Liu , Chenrui Ma , Yunbei Zhang , Xiao Wang , Smita Krishnaswamy , Tianyang Wang
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