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Related papers: Microswimmers knead nematics into cholesterics

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Both natural and artificial small-scale swimmers may often self-propel in environments subject to complex geometrical constraints. While most past theoretical work on low-Reynolds number locomotion addressed idealised geometrical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-11-16 Alexander Chamolly , Takuji Ishikawa , Eric Lauga

Nematic liquid crystals exhibit both crystal-like and fluid-like features. In particular, the propagation of an acoustic wave shows an unexpected occurrence of some of the solid-like features at the hydrodynamic level, namely, the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-01-04 Stefano S. Turzi

In a nematic gel, the appearance of nematic order is accompanied by a spontaneous elongation of the gel parallel to the nematic director. If such a gel is made chiral, it has a tendency to form a cholesteric helical texture, in which local…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Robert A. Pelcovits , Robert B. Meyer

Handedness of the director twist in cholesteric liquid crystals is commonly assumed to be the same throughout the medium, determined solely by the chirality of constituent molecules or chiral additives, albeit distortions of the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-04-26 P. J. Ackerman , I. I. Smalyukh

We use linear stability analysis to show that an isotropic phase of elongated particles with dipolar flow fields can develop nematic order as a result of their activity. We argue that ordering is favoured if the particles are flow-aligning…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-03-18 Sreejith Santhosh , Mehrana R. Nejad , Amin Doostmohammadi , Julia M. Yeomans , Sumesh P. Thampi

A state of matter in which molecules show a long-range orientational order and no positional order is called a nematic liquid crystal. The best known and most widely used (for example, in modern displays) is the uniaxial nematic, with the…

Microscopic swimmers, e.g., chemotactic bacteria and cells, are capable of directed motion by exerting a force on their environment. For asymmetric microswimmers, e.g., bacteria, spermatozoa and many artificial active colloidal particles, a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-07-09 Mite Mijalkov , Giovanni Volpe

The recent discovery of ferroelectric nematics-genuine 3D ferroelectric fluids-has underscored the importance of electrostatic interactions in shaping the physical behaviour of soft matter systems. In this paper, we investigate the…

Models of active nematics in biological systems normally require complexity arising from the hydrodynamics involved at the microscopic level as well as the viscoelastic nature of the system. Here we show that a minimal, space-independent,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-06-27 Emmanuel L. C. VI M. Plan , Huong Le Thi , Julia M. Yeomans , Amin Doostmohammadi

Active (i.e., self-propelled or swimming) particles moving through an isotropic fluid exhibit conventional diffusive behavior. We report anomalous diffusion of an active particle moving in an anisotropic, nematic background. Whilst the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-06-22 John Toner , Hartmut Löwen , Henricus H. Wensink

Collective motion of self-propelled organisms or synthetic particles often termed active fluid has attracted enormous attention in broad scientific community because of it fundamentally non-equilibrium nature. Energy input and interactions…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-03-05 Shuang Zhou , Andrey Sokolov , Oleg D Lavrentovich , Igor S Aranson

Active crystals are highly ordered structures that emerge from the self-organization of motile objects, and have been widely studied in synthetic and bacterial active matter. Whether collective crystallization phenomena can occur in groups…

When groups of inertial swimmers move together, hydrodynamic interactions play a key role in shaping their collective dynamics, including the cohesion of the group. To explore how these interactions influence group cohesion, we develop a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-05-23 Mohamed Niged Mabrouk , Daniel Floryan

We present the hydrodynamics of fluids in three spatial dimensions with helical symmetry, wherein only a linear combination of a rotation and translation is conserved in one of the three directions. The hydrodynamic degrees of freedom…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-08-29 Jack H. Farrell , Xiaoyang Huang , Andrew Lucas

Microorganisms ofter move in confined, disordered environments, where hydrodynamic couplings can modify their transport behavior. Using extensive finite-element simulations, we investigate the dynamics of microswimmers -- modeled as…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-24 Mirko Residori , Sebastian Aland , Christina Kurzthaler

The sedimentation process in a suspension of bacteria is the result of the competition between gravity and the intrinsic motion of the microorganisms. We perform simulations of run-and-tumble "squirmers" that move in a fluid medium,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-11-11 Andrea Scagliarini , Ignacio Pagonabarraga

Self-assembly of nanoparticles can enable composites with pre-designed properties but remains challenged by reproducing structural diversity of atomic and molecular crystals. We combine anisotropic elastic and weakly screened electrostatic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-12-09 Haridas Mundoor , Bohdan Senyuk , Ivan I. Smalyukh

We use full nematohydrodynamic simulations to study the statics and dynamics of monolayers of cholesteric liquid crystals. Using chirality and temperature as control parameters we show that we can recover the two-dimensional blue phases…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-09-26 Luuk Metselaar , Amin Doostmohammadi , Julia M. Yeomans

We propose a hydrodynamic theory to examine the emergence of contraction waves in dense active liquids composed of pulsating deformable particles. Our theory couples the liquid density with a chemical phase that determines the periodic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-24 Tirthankar Banerjee , Thibault Desaleux , Jonas Ranft , Étienne Fodor

We use linear stability analysis and hybrid lattice Boltzmann simulations to study the dynamical behaviour of an active nematic confined in a channel made of viscoelastic material. We find that the quiescent, ordered active nematic is…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-12-20 Francesco Mori , Saraswat Bhattacharyya , Julia M. Yeomans , Sumesh P. Thampi