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Sampling-based decoding strategies have been widely adopted for Large Language Models (LLMs) in numerous applications, targeting a balance between diversity and quality via temperature tuning and tail truncation. Considering the strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Yuxuan Zhou , Margret Keuper , Mario Fritz

Large decoder-only language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in generation and reasoning tasks, where they generate text responses given instructions. However, many applications, e.g., retrieval augmented generation (RAG),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Caojin Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Ke Li , Sai Vidyaranya Nuthalapati , Benyu Zhang , Jason Liu , Serena Li , Lizhu Zhang , Xiangjun Fan

Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate repetitive and monotonous outputs, especially in tasks like story generation, due to limited creative diversity when given the same input prompt. To address this challenge, we propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Kyeongman Park , Nakyeong Yang , Kyomin Jung

Beam search is an effective and widely used decoding algorithm in many sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) text generation tasks. However, in open-ended text generation, beam search is often found to produce repetitive and generic texts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Liang Wang , Jinlong Liu , Jingming Liu

Inference scaling helps LLMs solve complex reasoning problems through extended runtime computation. On top of long chain-of-thought (long-CoT) models, purely inference-time techniques such as best-of-N (BoN) sampling, majority voting, or…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance across numerous real-world tasks. However, the autoregressive nature of these models makes the inference process slow and costly. Speculative decoding has emerged as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Zongyue Qin , Zifan He , Neha Prakriya , Jason Cong , Yizhou Sun

Large language models (LM) based on Transformers allow to generate plausible long texts. In this paper, we explore how this generation can be further controlled at decoding time to satisfy certain constraints (e.g. being non-toxic,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Antoine Chaffin , Vincent Claveau , Ewa Kijak

Neural models for text generation require a softmax layer with proper token embeddings during the decoding phase. Most existing approaches adopt single point embedding for each token. However, a word may have multiple senses according to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Ning Miao , Hao Zhou , Chengqi Zhao , Wenxian Shi , Lei Li

Embedding-based retrieval (EBR) methods are widely used in modern recommender systems thanks to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, along the journey of deploying and iterating on EBR in production, we still identify some fundamental…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Yuan Zhang , Xue Dong , Weijie Ding , Biao Li , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

Generating multiple translation candidates would enable users to choose the one that satisfies their needs. Although there has been work on diversified generation, there exists room for improving the diversity mainly because the previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Yuto Nishida , Makoto Morishita , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) decoding is the most widely used decoding strategy for neural machine translation (NMT) models. The underlying assumption is that model probability correlates well with human judgment, with better translations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Christian Tomani , David Vilar , Markus Freitag , Colin Cherry , Subhajit Naskar , Mara Finkelstein , Xavier Garcia , Daniel Cremers

Despite growing interest in natural language generation (NLG) models that produce diverse outputs, there is currently no principled method for evaluating the diversity of an NLG system. In this work, we propose a framework for evaluating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Guy Tevet , Jonathan Berant

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an indispensable part of natural language processing tasks. However, autoregressive sampling has become an efficiency bottleneck. Multi-Draft Speculative Decoding (MDSD) is a recent approach where,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhengmian Hu , Tong Zheng , Vignesh Viswanathan , Ziyi Chen , Ryan A. Rossi , Yihan Wu , Dinesh Manocha , Heng Huang

Minimum Bayes risk (MBR) decoding achieved state-of-the-art translation performance by using COMET, a neural metric that has a high correlation with human evaluation. However, MBR decoding requires quadratic time since it computes the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Hiroyuki Deguchi , Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe , Hideki Tanaka , Masao Utiyama

Existing text generation methods tend to produce repeated and "boring" expressions. To tackle this problem, we propose a new text generation model, called Diversity-Promoting Generative Adversarial Network (DP-GAN). The proposed model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Jingjing Xu , Xuancheng Ren , Junyang Lin , Xu Sun

The availability of multiple training algorithms and architectures for generative models requires a selection mechanism to form a single model over a group of well-trained generation models. The selection task is commonly addressed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Parham Rezaei , Farzan Farnia , Cheuk Ting Li

Generating paragraphs of diverse contents is important in many applications. Existing generation models produce similar contents from homogenized contexts due to the fixed left-to-right sentence order. Our idea is permuting the sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Wenhao Yu , Chenguang Zhu , Tong Zhao , Zhichun Guo , Meng Jiang

News headline generation aims to produce a short sentence to attract readers to read the news. One news article often contains multiple keyphrases that are of interest to different users, which can naturally have multiple reasonable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Dayiheng Liu , Yeyun Gong , Jie Fu , Wei Liu , Yu Yan , Bo Shao , Daxin Jiang , Jiancheng Lv , Nan Duan

The autoregressive decoding for text generation in large language models (LLMs), while widely used, is inherently suboptimal due to the lack of a built-in mechanism to perform refinement and/or correction of the generated content. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zeyu Tang , Zhenhao Chen , Xiangchen Song , Loka Li , Yunlong Deng , Yifan Shen , Guangyi Chen , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

Prior material creation methods had limitations in producing diverse results mainly because reconstruction-based methods relied on real-world measurements and generation-based methods were trained on relatively small material datasets. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Linxuan Xin , Zheng Zhang , Jinfu Wei , Wei Gao , Duan Gao