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Network science is an interdisciplinary endeavor, with methods and applications drawn from across the natural, social, and information sciences. A prominent problem in network science is the algorithmic detection of tightly-connected groups…

A typical complex system should be described by a supernetwork or a network of networks, in which the networks are coupled to some other networks. As the first step to understanding the complex systems on such more systematic level,…

With the completion of human genome mapping, the focus of scientists seeking to explain the biological complexity of living systems is shifting from analyzing the individual components (such as a particular gene or biochemical reaction) to…

Network science has become a powerful tool to describe the structure and dynamics of real-world complex physical, biological, social, and technological systems. Largely built on empirical observations to tackle heterogeneous, temporal, and…

Multilayer networks have been widely used to represent and analyze systems of interconnected entities where both the entities and their connections can be of different types. However, real multilayer networks can be difficult to analyze…

Multilayer networks are the underlying structures of multiple real-world systems where we have more than one type of interaction/relation between nodes: social, biological, computer, or communication, to name only a few. In many cases, they…

In network science complex systems are represented as a mathematical graphs consisting of a set of nodes representing the components and a set of edges representing their interactions. The framework of networks has led to significant…

Network theory has unveiled the underlying structure of complex systems such as the Internet or the biological networks in the cell. It has identified universal properties of complex networks, and the interplay between their structure and…

As data structures and mathematical objects used for complex systems modeling, hypergraphs sit nicely poised between on the one hand the world of network models, and on the other that of higher-order mathematical abstractions from algebra,…

Network science is an interdisciplinary field that transcends traditional academic boundaries, offering profound insights into complex systems across disciplines. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of three leading journals, Social…

Networks of interconnected nodes have long played a key role in Cognitive Science, from artificial neural net- works to spreading activation models of semantic mem- ory. Recently, however, a new Network Science has been developed, providing…

Several systems can be modeled as sets of interconnected networks or networks with multiple types of connections, here generally called multilayer networks. Spreading processes such as information propagation among users of an online social…

A network representation is useful for describing the structure of a large variety of complex systems. However, most real and engineered systems have multiple subsystems and layers of connectivity, and the data produced by such systems is…

Networks form the backbone of many complex systems, ranging from the Internet to human societies. Accordingly, not only is the range of our interactions limited and thus best described and modeled by networks, it is also a fact that the…

Network motifs can capture basic interaction patterns and inform the functional properties of networks. However, real-world complex systems often have multiple types of relationships, which cannot be represented by a monolayer network. The…

Real-world networks typically exhibit several aspects, or layers, of interactions among their nodes. By permuting the role of the nodes and the layers, we establish a new criterion to construct the dual of a network. This approach allows to…

Networks represent relationships between entities in many complex systems, spanning from online social interactions to biological cell development and brain connectivity. In many cases, relationships between entities are unambiguously…

Transportation networks, from bicycle paths to buses and railways, are the backbone of urban mobility. In large metropolitan areas, the integration of different transport modes has become crucial to guarantee the fast and sustainable flow…

The fundamental concept of applying the system methodology to network analysis declares that network architecture should take into account services and applications which this network provides and supports. This work introduces a formal…

Complex systems are usually illustrated by networks which captures the topology of the interactions between the entities. To better understand the roles played by the entities in the system one needs to uncover the underlying community…