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Model compression techniques reduce the computational load and memory consumption of deep neural networks. After the compression operation, e.g. parameter pruning, the model is normally fine-tuned on the original training dataset to recover…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Adrian Holzbock , Achyut Hegde , Klaus Dietmayer , Vasileios Belagiannis

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as LLaMA and T5, have shown exceptional performance across various tasks through fine-tuning. Although low-rank adaption (LoRA) has emerged to cheaply fine-tune these LLMs on downstream tasks, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Mingyang Zhang , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen , Zhen Yang , Linlin Ou , Xinyi Yu , Bohan Zhuang

Depth pruning aims to reduce the inference cost of a large language model without any hardware-specific complications, by simply removing several less important transformer blocks. However, our empirical findings suggest that the importance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Juyun Wee , Minjae Park , Jaeho Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide spectrum of natural language processing tasks. However, their ever-growing scale introduces significant barriers to real-world deployment, including substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Guangxin Wu , Hao Zhang , Zhang Zhibin , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

The growing size of neural language models has led to increased attention in model compression. The two predominant approaches are pruning, which gradually removes weights from a pre-trained model, and distillation, which trains a smaller…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Mengzhou Xia , Zexuan Zhong , Danqi Chen

Sequence-based deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs) are an emerging class of DLRMs showing great improvements over their prior sum-pooling based counterparts at capturing users' long term interests. These improvements come at immense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Geet Sethi , Pallab Bhattacharya , Dhruv Choudhary , Carole-Jean Wu , Christos Kozyrakis

Specializing large language models (LLMs) for local deployment in domain-specific use cases is necessary for strong performance while meeting latency and privacy constraints. However, conventional task-specific adaptation approaches do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Lanxiang Hu , Tajana Rosing , Hao Zhang

Deep learning recommendation models (DLRM) rely on large embedding tables to manage categorical sparse features. Expanding such embedding tables can significantly enhance model performance, but at the cost of increased GPU/CPU/memory usage.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Qinlong Wang , Tingfeng Lan , Yinghao Tang , Ziling Huang , Yiheng Du , Haitao Zhang , Jian Sha , Hui Lu , Yuanchun Zhou , Ke Zhang , Mingjie Tang

Memory optimization for deep neural network (DNN) inference gains high relevance with the emergence of TinyML, which refers to the deployment of DNN inference tasks on tiny, low-power microcontrollers. Applications such as audio keyword…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Rafael Stahl , Daniel Mueller-Gritschneder , Ulf Schlichtmann

Thanks to their universal approximation properties and new efficient training strategies, Deep Neural Networks are becoming a valuable tool for the approximation of mathematical operators. In the present work, we introduce Mesh-Informed…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-08 Nicola Rares Franco , Andrea Manzoni , Paolo Zunino

Deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs) are widely used in industry, and their memory capacity requirements reach the terabyte scale. Tiered memory architectures provide a cost-effective solution but introduce challenges in…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Jie Ren , Bin Ma , Shuangyan Yang , Benjamin Francis , Ehsan K. Ardestani , Min Si , Dong Li

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the deep learning paradigm, yielding impressive results across a wide array of tasks. However, the pre-training or fine-tuning of LLMs within a federated learning (FL) framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Lin Wang , Zhichao Wang , Xiaoying Tang

Considering the hardware-friendly characteristics and broad applicability, structured pruning has emerged as an efficient solution to reduce the resource demands of large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices. Traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zihuai Xu , Yang Xu , Hongli Xu , Yunming Liao , Zhiwei Yao , Zuan Xie

The memory capacity of embedding tables in deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs) is increasing dramatically from tens of GBs to TBs across the industry. Given the fast growth in DLRMs, novel solutions are urgently needed, in order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Chunxing Yin , Bilge Acun , Xing Liu , Carole-Jean Wu

When existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) solutions are intended to be used for new knowledge domains, it is necessary to update their encoders, which are taken to be pretrained large language models (LLMs). However, fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Marijan Fofonjka , Shahryar Zehtabi , Alireza Behtash , Tyler Mauer , David Stout

Pre-trained language models achieve superior performance but are computationally expensive. Techniques such as pruning and knowledge distillation have been developed to reduce their sizes and latencies. In this work, we propose a structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Ziqing Yang , Yiming Cui , Xin Yao , Shijin Wang

Overparametrized transformer networks are the state-of-the-art architecture for Large Language Models (LLMs). However, such models contain billions of parameters making large compute a necessity, while raising environmental concerns. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yang Zhang , Yawei Li , Xinpeng Wang , Qianli Shen , Barbara Plank , Bernd Bischl , Mina Rezaei , Kenji Kawaguchi

Large-scale neural networks possess considerable expressive power. They are well-suited for complex learning tasks in industrial applications. However, large-scale models pose significant challenges for training under the current Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yuanyuan Chen , Zichen Chen , Pengcheng Wu , Han Yu

Pruning is a promising approach to compress complex deep learning models in order to deploy them on resource-constrained edge devices. However, many existing pruning solutions are based on unstructured pruning, which yields models that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Kaiqi Zhao , Animesh Jain , Ming Zhao

It has been shown by many researchers that transformers perform as well as convolutional neural networks in many computer vision tasks. Meanwhile, the large computational costs of its attention module hinder further studies and applications…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Fanghui Xue , Biao Yang , Yingyong Qi , Jack Xin