Related papers: How does the inner retinal network shape the gangl…

Migratory and tissue resident cells exhibit highly branched morphologies to perform their function and to adapt to the microenvironment. Immune cells, for example, display transient branched shapes while exploring the surrounding tissues.…

Grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) of the mammalian brain exhibit a strikingly regular hexagonal firing field over space. These cells are learned after birth and are thought to support spatial navigation but also more abstract…

Computational models of vision have traditionally been developed in a bottom-up fashion, by hierarchically composing a series of straightforward operations - i.e. convolution and pooling - with the aim of emulating simple and complex cells…

Encoding models are used for predicting brain activity in response to sensory stimuli with the objective of elucidating how sensory information is represented in the brain. Encoding models typically comprise a nonlinear transformation of…

Classical center-surround antagonism in the early visual system is thought to serve important functions such as enhancing edge detection and increasing sparseness. The relative strength of the center and surround determine the specific…

The predictive power of neural networks often costs model interpretability. Several techniques have been developed for explaining model outputs in terms of input features; however, it is difficult to translate such interpretations into…

A new method to derive an essential integral kernel from any given reaction-diffusion network is proposed. Any network describing metabolites or signals with arbitrary many factors can be reduced to a single or a simpler system of…

The convolutional neural network (CNN) has become a basic model for solving many computer vision problems. In recent years, a new class of CNNs, recurrent convolution neural network (RCNN), inspired by abundant recurrent connections in the…

Although reinforcement learning has been successfully applied in many domains in recent years, we still lack agents that can systematically generalize. While relational inductive biases that fit a task can improve generalization of RL…

Data produced by resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging are widely used to infer brain functional connectivity networks. Such networks correlate neural signals to connect brain regions, which consist in groups of dependent…

The lateral diffusion and trapping of protein receptors within the postsynaptic membrane of a neuron plays a key role in determining the strength of synaptic connections and their regulation during learning and memory. In this paper we…

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have achieved impressive results for many real-world applications. As an active research topic, many GAN variants have emerged with improvements in sample quality and training stability. However,…

The neuronal networks in the mammals cortex are characterized by the coexistence of hierarchy, modularity, short and long range interactions, spatial correlations, and topographical connections. Particularly interesting, the latter type of…

Visual perception in the brain largely depends on the organization of neuronal receptive fields. Although extensive research has delineated the coding principles of receptive fields, most studies have been constrained by their foundational…

The spatiotemporal patterns of neural dynamics are jointly shaped by directed structural interactions and heterogeneous intrinsic features of the neural components. Despite well-developed methods for estimating directionality in network…

Retinal image of surrounding objects varies tremendously due to the changes in position, size, pose, illumination condition, background context, occlusion, noise, and nonrigid deformations. But despite these huge variations, our visual…

Neural circuits in the brain perform a variety of essential functions, including input classification, pattern completion, and the generation of rhythms and oscillations that support processes such as breathing and locomotion. There is also…

Local interactions among biomolecules, and the role played by their environment, have gained increasing attention in modelling biochemical reactions. By defining the automaton of molecular perceptions, we explore an agent-based…

With this paper we propose a model to simulate the functional aspects of light adaptation in retinal photoreceptors. Our model, however, does not link specific stages to the detailed molecular processes which are thought to mediate…

Although neurons in columns of visual cortex of adult carnivores and primates share similar orientation tuning preferences, responses of nearby neurons are surprisingly sparse and temporally uncorrelated, especially in response to complex…