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Differentially private (DP) optimization is the standard paradigm to learn large neural networks that are accurate and privacy-preserving. The computational cost for DP deep learning, however, is notoriously heavy due to the per-sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Zhiqi Bu , Yu-Xiang Wang , Sheng Zha , George Karypis

Differential privacy (DP) has become a prevalent privacy model in a wide range of machine learning tasks, especially after the debut of DP-SGD. However, DP-SGD, which directly perturbs gradients in the training iterations, fails to mitigate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Jiawei Duan , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Xinyue Sun

Deep learning using large models have achieved great success in a wide range of domains. However, training these models on billions of parameters is very challenging in terms of the training speed, memory cost, and communication efficiency,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Zhiqi Bu , Justin Chiu , Ruixuan Liu , Sheng Zha , George Karypis

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is the gold standard for training machine learning models with formal differential privacy guarantees. Several recent extensions improve its accuracy by introducing correlated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Nikita P. Kalinin , Ryan McKenna , Rasmus Pagh , Christoph H. Lampert

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is the canonical approach to private deep learning. While the current privacy analysis of DP-SGD is known to be tight in some settings, several empirical results suggest that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Anvith Thudi , Hengrui Jia , Casey Meehan , Ilia Shumailov , Nicolas Papernot

Differential privacy (DP) is a prominent method for protecting information about individuals during data analysis. Training neural networks with differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DPSGD) influences the model's learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Lea Demelius , Dominik Kowald , Simone Kopeinik , Roman Kern , Andreas Trügler

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is a key method for applying privacy in the training of deep learning models. It applies isotropic Gaussian noise to gradients during training, which can perturb these gradients in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Pedro Faustini , Natasha Fernandes , Shakila Tonni , Annabelle McIver , Mark Dras

While machine learning has achieved remarkable results in a wide variety of domains, the training of models often requires large datasets that may need to be collected from different individuals. As sensitive information may be contained in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Richeng Jin , Xiaofan He , Huaiyu Dai

Deep learning models leak significant amounts of information about their training datasets. Previous work has investigated training models with differential privacy (DP) guarantees through adding DP noise to the gradients. However, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Milad Nasr , Reza Shokri , Amir houmansadr

Differentially private SGD (DPSGD) enables privacy-preserving training of language models, but often reduces utility, diversity, and linguistic quality. We introduce DPRefine, a three-phase method that initializes a model using data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Ivoline C. Ngong , Joseph P. Near , Niloofar Mireshghallah

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adapted to proprietary and domain-specific corpora that contain sensitive information, creating a tension between formal privacy guarantees and efficient deployment through model compression.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Fatemeh Khadem , Sajad Mousavi , Yi Fang , Yuhong Liu

Differential privacy (DP) is widely being employed in the industry as a practical standard for privacy protection. While private training of computer vision or natural language processing applications has been studied extensively, the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Juntaek Lim , Youngeun Kwon , Ranggi Hwang , Kiwan Maeng , G. Edward Suh , Minsoo Rhu

Fine-tuning language models (LMs) has demonstrated success in a wide array of downstream tasks. However, as LMs are scaled up, the memory requirements for backpropagation become prohibitively high. Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization methods can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Tanmay Gautam , Youngsuk Park , Hao Zhou , Parameswaran Raman , Wooseok Ha

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is the standard algorithm for training machine learning models under differential privacy (DP). The most common DP-SGD privacy accountants rely on Poisson subsampling to ensure the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Sebastian Rodriguez Beltran , Marlon Tobaben , Joonas Jälkö , Niki Loppi , Antti Honkela

Nowadays, differential privacy (DP) has become a well-accepted standard for privacy protection, and deep neural networks (DNN) have been immensely successful in machine learning. The combination of these two techniques, i.e., deep learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Jianxin Wei , Ergute Bao , Xiaokui Xiao , Yin Yang

We consider the problem of minimizing a convex risk with stochastic subgradients guaranteeing $\epsilon$-locally differentially private ($\epsilon$-LDP). While it has been shown that stochastic optimization is possible with $\epsilon$-LDP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Kwang-Sung Jun , Francesco Orabona

Machine learning (ML) models have been shown to leak private information from their training datasets. Differential Privacy (DP), typically implemented through the differential private stochastic gradient descent algorithm (DP-SGD), has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Dariush Wahdany , Matthew Jagielski , Adam Dziedzic , Franziska Boenisch

Modern machine learning algorithms aim to extract fine-grained information from data to provide accurate predictions, which often conflicts with the goal of privacy protection. This paper addresses the practical and theoretical importance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-17 Puyu Wang , Yunwen Lei , Yiming Ying , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is the dominant paradigm for private training, but its fundamental limitations under worst-case adversarial privacy definitions remain poorly understood. We analyze DP-SGD in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Murat Bilgehan Ertan , Marten van Dijk

When training a machine learning model with differential privacy, one sets a privacy budget. This budget represents a maximal privacy violation that any user is willing to face by contributing their data to the training set. We argue that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Franziska Boenisch , Christopher Mühl , Adam Dziedzic , Roy Rinberg , Nicolas Papernot