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Human dexterity arises from combining high-level task reasoning with finger-level dexterity control and physical compliance at the muscle and skin layers. In robotics, large Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate text-conditioned…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Cheng Pan , Kai Junge , Benhui Dai , Qinghua Guan , Josie Hughes

The speed and accuracy with which robots are able to interpret natural language is fundamental to realizing effective human-robot interaction. A great deal of attention has been paid to developing models and approximate inference algorithms…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Siddharth Patki , Andrea F. Daniele , Matthew R. Walter , Thomas M. Howard

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models (LMs) has become the de facto standard in many NLP tasks. Nevertheless, fine-tuned LMs are still prone to robustness issues, such as adversarial robustness and model calibration. Several perspectives…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Jaehyung Kim , Yuning Mao , Rui Hou , Hanchao Yu , Davis Liang , Pascale Fung , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng , Lifu Huang , Madian Khabsa

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) tasks require reasoning over complex visual scenes and executing adaptive actions in dynamic environments. While recent studies on reasoning VLAs show that explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) can improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Chi-Pin Huang , Yunze Man , Zhiding Yu , Min-Hung Chen , Jan Kautz , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Fu-En Yang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) provide robots with contextual reasoning abilities to comprehend human instructions. Yet, current LLM-enabled robots typically depend on cloud-based models or high-performance computing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Wenhao Wang , Yanyan Li , Long Jiao , Jiawei Yuan

Situated embodied conversation requires robots to interleave real-time dialogue with active perception: deciding what to look at, when to look, and what to say under tight latency constraints. We present a simple, minimal system recipe that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Dong Won Lee , Sarah Gillet , Louis-Philippe Morency , Cynthia Breazeal , Hae Won Park

Enabling robots to understand instructions provided via spoken natural language would facilitate interaction between robots and people in a variety of settings in homes and workplaces. However, natural language instructions are often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Haonan Chen , Hao Tan , Alan Kuntz , Mohit Bansal , Ron Alterovitz

The alignments of reasoning abilities between smaller and larger Language Models are largely conducted via Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) using demonstrations generated from robust Large Language Models (LLMs). Although these approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Leonardo Ranaldi , Andrè Freitas

Recent work has shown that language models (LMs) have strong multi-step (i.e., procedural) reasoning capabilities. However, it is unclear whether LMs perform these tasks by cheating with answers memorized from pretraining corpus, or, via a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yifan Hou , Jiaoda Li , Yu Fei , Alessandro Stolfo , Wangchunshu Zhou , Guangtao Zeng , Antoine Bosselut , Mrinmaya Sachan

Robots assisting humans in complex domains have to represent knowledge and reason at both the sensorimotor level and the social level. The architecture described in this paper couples the non-monotonic logical reasoning capabilities of a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-08-04 Zenon Colaco , Mohan Sridharan

Recent advancements have enabled human-robot collaboration through physical assistance and verbal guidance. However, limitations persist in coordinating robots' physical motions and speech in response to real-time changes in human behavior…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Ravi Tejwani , Chengyuan Ma , Paco Gomez-Paz , Paolo Bonato , H. Harry Asada

Recent developments have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to engage in complex reasoning tasks through deep thinking. However, the capacity of reasoning has not been successfully transferred to non-high-resource languages due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Rui Qi , Zhibo Man , Yufeng Chen , Fengran Mo , Jinan Xu , Kaiyu Huang

Robot manipulation relies on accurately predicting contact points and end-effector directions to ensure successful operation. However, learning-based robot manipulation, trained on a limited category within a simulator, often struggles to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Xiaoqi Li , Mingxu Zhang , Yiran Geng , Haoran Geng , Yuxing Long , Yan Shen , Renrui Zhang , Jiaming Liu , Hao Dong

Reasoning is a cognitive process of using evidence to reach a sound conclusion. The reasoning capability is essential for large language models (LLMs) to serve as the brain of the artificial general intelligence agent. Recent studies reveal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Peiyi Wang , Lei Li , Liang Chen , Feifan Song , Binghuai Lin , Yunbo Cao , Tianyu Liu , Zhifang Sui

We present a framework for robot skill acquisition, which 1) efficiently scale up data generation of language-labelled robot data and 2) effectively distills this data down into a robust multi-task language-conditioned visuo-motor policy.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Huy Ha , Pete Florence , Shuran Song

Robot picking and packing tasks require dexterous manipulation skills, such as rearranging objects to establish a good grasping pose, or placing and pushing items to achieve tight packing. These tasks are challenging for robots due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Kai Gao , Fan Wang , Erica Aduh , Dylan Randle , Jane Shi

This paper presents a framework that can interpret humans' navigation commands containing temporal elements and directly translate their natural language instructions into robot motion planning. Central to our framework is utilizing Large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Mohammed Abugurain , Shinkyu Park

A singular attribute of humankind is our ability to undertake novel, cooperative behavior, or teamwork. This requires that we can communicate goals, plans, and ideas between the brains of individuals to create shared intentionality. Using…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-30 John Rushby

Recent works have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be applied to ground natural language to a wide variety of robot skills. However, in practice, learning multi-task, language-conditioned robotic skills typically requires…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Oier Mees , Jessica Borja-Diaz , Wolfram Burgard

Large foundation models enable powerful reasoning for autonomous systems, but mapping semantic intent to reliable real-time control remains challenging. Existing approaches either (i) let Large Language Models (LLMs) generate trajectories…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jiayi Chen , Shuai Wang , Guangxu Zhu , Chengzhong Xu