Related papers: Proof of the Nernst heat theorem
Casimir entropies due to quantum fluctuations in the interaction between electrical bodies can often be negative, either caused by dissipation or by geometry. Although generally such entropies vanish at zero temperature, consistent with the…
Temperature is an outsider in the laws of motion given by Newton and Einstein and this oversight is the source of the predictions of time-reversal-invariance made by these two great systems of motion. By taking into consideration Planck's…
There are some examples in the literature, in which despite the fact that the underlying theory or model does not impose a lower bound on the size of black holes, the final temperature under Hawking evaporation is nevertheless finite and…
The first part of this paper is a condensed synthesis of the matter presented in several previous ones. It begins with an argumentation showing that the first and second laws of thermodynamics are incompatible with one another if they are…
The reliability of physical theories depends on whether they agree with well established physical laws. In this work, we address the compatibility of the Hamiltonian formulation of linear-response theory with the Second Law of…
In a companion article it was shown in a certain precise sense that, for any thermodynamical theory that respects the Kelvin-Planck Second Law, the Hahn-Banach Theorem immediately ensures the existence of a pair of continuous functions of…
In a previous work (M. Campisi. Stud. Hist. Phil. M. P. 36 (2005) 275-290) we have addressed the mechanical foundations of equilibrium thermodynamics on the basis of the Generalized Helmholtz Theorem. It was found that the volume entropy…
Thermodynamics is usually developed starting from entropy and the maximum entropy principle. We investigate here to what extent one can replace entropy with relative entropy which has several advantages, for example in the context of local…
This work gives a brief summary of major formulations of the third law of thermodynamics and their implications, including the impossibility of perpetual motion of the third kind. The last sections of this work review more advanced…
The third law of thermodynamics dictates that the entropy of materials becomes zero as temperature ($T$) approaches zero. Contrarily, glass and other similar materials exhibit nonzero entropy at $T=0$, which contradicts the third law. For…
We consider a question motivated by the third law of thermodynamics: can there be a local temperature arbitrarily close to absolute zero in a nonequilibrium quantum system? We consider nanoscale quantum conductors with the source reservoir…
An interesting question to explore in physics classes is whether gravity violates the second law of thermodynamics. Standard physics textbooks provide little to no discussion of the relationship between entropy and gravity, and the same is…
The quantum thermodynamic property of the fractional damping system is investigated extensively. A fractional power-law decaying entropy function is revealed which presents another evidence for the validity of the third law of…
The quantum thermodynamic behavior of small systems is investigated in presence of finite quantum dissipation. We consider the archetype cases of a damped harmonic oscillator and a free quantum Brownian particle. A main finding is that…
The third law of thermodynamics in the form of the unattainability principle states that exact ground-state cooling requires infinite resources. Here we investigate the amount of non-equilibrium resources needed for approximate cooling. We…
Recently, there has been a considerable progress on the issue of the thermodynamic second law, which is known as the law of entropy increase or irreversibility. In particular, a novel symmetry known as the Gallavotti-Cohen symmetry is found…
We show that the conservation and the non-additivity of the information, together with the additivity of the entropy make the entropy increase in an isolated system. The collapse of the entangled quantum state offers an example of the…
Working in the framework of generalized statistics, the problem of establishing the third law of thermodynamics in the black hole physics is studied by focusing on Schwarzschild black hole which easily and clearly exposes the violation of…
We consider the statistical irreversibility and its compatibility with the reversible dynamics. The role played by the observation is analyzed in detail. It makes our previous proof for the second law of thermodynamics clearer. On this…
We derive the low-temperature behavior of the Casimir-Polder free energy for a polarizable atom interacting with graphene sheet which possesses the nonzero energy gap $\Delta$ and chemical potential $\mu$. The response of graphene to the…