Related papers: RAID Organizations for Improved Reliability and Pe…
This is a followup to the 1994 tutorial by Berkeley RAID researchers whose 1988 RAID paper foresaw a revolutionary change in storage industry based on advances in magnetic disk technology, i.e., replacement of large capacity expensive disks…
The idea of computational storage device (CSD) has come a long way since at least 1990s [1], [2]. By embedding computing resources within storage devices, CSDs could potentially offload computational tasks from CPUs and enable near-data…
In this paper we address issues of reliability of RAID systems. We focus on "big data" systems with a large number of drives and advanced error correction schemes beyond \RAID{6}. Our RAID paradigm is based on Reed-Solomon codes, and thus…
Large disk arrays are organized into storage nodes -- SNs or bricks with their own cashed RAID controller for multiple disks. Erasure coding at SN level is attained via parity or Reed-Solomon codes. Hierarchical RAID -- HRAID -- provides an…
One of the most important parts of cloud computing is storage devices, and Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) systems are well known and frequently used storage devices. With the increasing production of data in cloud environments,…
A family of codes with a natural two-dimensional structure is presented, inspired by an application of RAID type of architectures whose units are solid state drives (SSDs). Arrays of SSDs behave differently to arrays of hard disk drives…
This paper studies how RAID (redundant array of independent disks) could take full advantage of modern SSDs (solid-state drives) with built-in transparent compression. In current practice, RAID users are forced to choose a specific RAID…
As storage systems grow in size, device failures happen more frequently than ever before. Given the commodity nature of hard drives employed, a storage system needs to tolerate a certain number of disk failures while maintaining data…
Solid-state drives (SSDs) have been widely deployed in desktops and data centers. However, SSDs suffer from bit errors, and the bit error rate is time dependent since it increases as an SSD wears down. Traditional storage systems mainly use…
Storing digital information, ensuring the accuracy, steady and uninterrupted access to the data are considered as fundamental challenges in enterprise-class organizations and companies. In recent years, new types of storage systems such as…
NAND flash memory is ubiquitous in everyday life today because its capacity has continuously increased and cost has continuously decreased over decades. This positive growth is a result of two key trends: (1) effective process technology…
SSDs are emerging storage devices which unlike HDDs, do not have mechanical parts and therefore, have superior performance compared to HDDs. Due to the high cost of SSDs, entirely replacing HDDs with SSDs is not economically justified.…
Encryption ransomware has become a notorious malware. It encrypts user data on storage devices like solid-state drives (SSDs) and demands a ransom to restore data for users. To bypass existing defenses, ransomware would keep evolving and…
Solid-state drives (SSDs) have revolutionized data storage with their high performance, energy efficiency, and reliability. However, as storage demands grow, SSDs face critical challenges in scalability, endurance, latency, and security.…
As the prices of magnetic storage continue to decrease, the cost of replacing failed disks becomes increasingly dominated by the cost of the service call itself. We propose to eliminate these calls by building disk arrays that contain…
Basic mirroring (BM) classified as RAID level 1 replicates data on two disks, thus doubling disk access bandwidth for read requests. RAID1/0 is an array of BM pairs with balanced loads due to striping. When a disk fails the read load on its…
High-energy physics experiments are currently recording large amounts of data and in a few years will be recording prodigious quantities of data. New methods must be developed to handle this data and make analysis at universities possible.…
NAND flash memory is ubiquitous in everyday life today because its capacity has continuously increased and cost has continuously decreased over decades. This positive growth is a result of two key trends: (1) effective process technology…
To help reliability of SSD arrays, Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) are commonly employed. However, the conventional reliability models of HDD RAID cannot be applied to SSD arrays, as the nature of failures in SSDs are different…
Solid state drives have a number of interesting characteristics. However, there are numerous file system and storage design issues for SSDs that impact the performance and device endurance. Many flash-oriented and flash-friendly file…