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This paper presents a parameter-efficient prompt tuning method, named PPT, to adapt a large multi-modal model for 3D point cloud understanding. Existing strategies are quite expensive in computation and storage, and depend on time-consuming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Hongyu Sun , Yongcai Wang , Wang Chen , Haoran Deng , Deying Li

Training models to apply linguistic knowledge and visual concepts from 2D images to 3D world understanding is a promising direction that researchers have only recently started to explore. In this work, we design a novel 3D pre-training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Maria Parelli , Alexandros Delitzas , Nikolas Hars , Georgios Vlassis , Sotirios Anagnostidis , Gregor Bachmann , Thomas Hofmann

With the rise of pre-trained models in the 3D point cloud domain for a wide range of real-world applications, adapting them to downstream tasks has become increasingly important. However, conventional full fine-tuning methods are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Geunyoung Jung , Soohong Kim , Kyungwoo Song , Jiyoung Jung

The advent of generalist Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision Models (VLMs) have streamlined the construction of semantically enriched maps that can enable robots to ground high-level reasoning and planning into their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Emilio Olivastri , Jonathan Francis , Alberto Pretto , Niko Sünderhauf , Krishan Rana

Large language models (LLMs) can handle a wide variety of general tasks with simple prompts, without the need for task-specific training. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built upon LLMs, have demonstrated impressive potential in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tao Yu , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Junkang Wu , Jinda Lu , Kun Wang , Xingyu Lu , Yunhang Shen , Guibin Zhang , Dingjie Song , Yibo Yan , Tianlong Xu , Qingsong Wen , Zhang Zhang , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown impressive performance on various downstream tasks by utilizing knowledge learned from large data. In general, the performance of VLMs on target tasks can be further improved by prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Eulrang Cho , Jooyeon Kim , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable generalization capabilities via prompting, which leverages VLMs as knowledge bases to extract information beneficial for downstream tasks. However, existing methods primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Xiaoyu Qiu , Hao Feng , Yuechen Wang , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

Recent efforts to enable visual navigation using large language models have mainly focused on developing complex prompt systems. These systems incorporate instructions, observations, and history into massive text prompts, which are then…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Vansh Dhar , Jialu Li , Bowen Zhang , Jian Zhang

Scene understanding enables intelligent agents to interpret and comprehend their environment. While existing large vision-language models (LVLMs) for scene understanding have primarily focused on indoor household tasks, they face two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Penglei Sun , Yaoxian Song , Xiangru Zhu , Xiang Liu , Qiang Wang , Yue Liu , Changqun Xia , Tiefeng Li , Yang Yang , Xiaowen Chu

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown high potential for spatial reasoning within 3D scenes. However, they typically rely on computationally expensive 3D representations like point clouds or reconstructed Bird's-Eye…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Shuyao Shi , Kang G. Shin

As more applications of large language models (LLMs) for 3D content for immersive environments emerge, it is crucial to study user behaviour to identify interaction patterns and potential barriers to guide the future design of immersive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Junlong Chen , Jens Grubert , Per Ola Kristensson

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) equip pre-trained large-language models (LLMs) with visual capabilities. While textual prompting in LLMs has been widely studied, visual prompting has emerged for more fine-grained and free-form…

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have typically focused on integrating visual and textual modalities, with less emphasis placed on the role of speech in enhancing interaction. However, speech plays a crucial role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chaoyou Fu , Haojia Lin , Xiong Wang , Yi-Fan Zhang , Yunhang Shen , Xiaoyu Liu , Haoyu Cao , Zuwei Long , Heting Gao , Ke Li , Long Ma , Xiawu Zheng , Rongrong Ji , Xing Sun , Caifeng Shan , Ran He

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly improved 2D visual understanding, prompting interest in their application to complex 3D reasoning tasks. However, it remains unclear whether these models can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xiaoyu Zhan , Wenxuan Huang , Hao Sun , Xinyu Fu , Changfeng Ma , Shaosheng Cao , Bohan Jia , Shaohui Lin , Zhenfei Yin , Lei Bai , Wanli Ouyang , Yuanqi Li , Jie Guo , Yanwen Guo

Instruction tuning is a crucial supervised training phase in Large Language Models (LLMs), aiming to enhance the LLM's ability to generalize instruction execution and adapt to user preferences. With the increasing integration of multi-modal…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Chen Li , Yixiao Ge , Dian Li , Ying Shan

We introduce the novel task of Language-Guided Object Placement in Real 3D Scenes. Our model is given a 3D scene's point cloud, a 3D asset, and a textual prompt broadly describing where the 3D asset should be placed. The task here is to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Ahmed Abdelreheem , Filippo Aleotti , Jamie Watson , Zawar Qureshi , Abdelrahman Eldesokey , Peter Wonka , Gabriel Brostow , Sara Vicente , Guillermo Garcia-Hernando

To bridge the gap between vision and language modalities, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) usually learn an adapter that converts visual inputs to understandable tokens for Large Language Models (LLMs). However, most adapters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Yue Zhang , Hehe Fan , Yi Yang

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in 2D visual understanding, their ability to reason about 3D space remains limited. To address this gap, we introduce geometrically referenced 3D scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jiangye Yuan , Gowri Kumar , Baoyuan Wang

Generating and editing a 3D scene guided by natural language poses a challenge, primarily due to the complexity of specifying the positional relations and volumetric changes within the 3D space. Recent advancements in Large Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Yiqi Lin , Hao Wu , Ruichen Wang , Haonan Lu , Xiaodong Lin , Hui Xiong , Lin Wang

In this paper, we present the Draw-and-Understand framework, exploring how to integrate visual prompting understanding capabilities into Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). Visual prompts allow users to interact through multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Weifeng Lin , Xinyu Wei , Ruichuan An , Peng Gao , Bocheng Zou , Yulin Luo , Siyuan Huang , Shanghang Zhang , Hongsheng Li