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Diophantine approximation is the problem of approximating a real number by rational numbers. We propose a version of this in which the numerators are approximately related to the denominators by a Laurent polynomial. Our definition is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-30 Eli Hawkins , Alan Haynes

We discuss Mahler's work on Diophantine approximation and its applications to Diophantine equations, in particular Thue-Mahler equations, S-unit equations and S-integral points on elliptic curves, and go into later developments concerning…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-09-19 Jan-Hendrik Evertse , Kálmán Győry , Cameron L. Stewart

The problem of finding all possible extensions of a given rational diophantine quadruple to a rational diophantine quintuple is equivalent to the determination of the set of rational points on a certain curve of genus 5 that can be written…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-20 Michael Stoll

We prove new results, related to the Littlewood and Mixed Littlewood conjectures in Diophantine approximation.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-07 Evgeni Dimitrov , Yakov Sinai

Some time ago we extended our monogenity investigations and calculations of generators of power integral bases to the relative case. Up to now we considered (usually totally real) extensions of complex quartic fields. In the present paper…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-14 István Gaál

Let $a \in \mathbb{Z}_{>0}$ and $\epsilon_1, \epsilon_2, \epsilon_3 \in \{\pm 1\}$. We classify explicitly all singular moduli $x_1, x_2, x_3$ satisfying either $\epsilon_1 x_1^a + \epsilon_2 x_2^a + \epsilon_3 x_3^a \in \mathbb{Q}$ or…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-21 Guy Fowler

We develop a variety of new techniques to treat Diophantine equations of the shape $x^2+D =y^n$, based upon bounds for linear forms in $p$-adic and complex logarithms, the modularity of Galois representations attached to Frey-Hellegouarch…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-01 Michael A. Bennett , Samir Siksek

This is a book about computational aspects of modular forms and the Galois representations attached to them. The main result is the following: Galois representations over finite fields attached to modular forms of level one can, in almost…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-23 Bas Edixhoven , Jean-Marc Couveignes , Robin de Jong , Franz Merkl , Johan Bosman

We solve the Dirichlet problem for fully nonlinear elliptic equations on Riemannian manifolds under essentially optimal structure conditions, especially with no restrictions to the curvature of the underlying manifold and the second…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-08-30 Bo Guan

Let F be a totally real number field of odd degree. We prove several purely local criteria for the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem to hold over F, and also for the non-existence of solutions to the unit equation over F. For example, if 2…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-11 Nuno Freitas , Alain Kraus , Samir Siksek

In this paper we obtain three undecidable results for exponential diophantine equations over the field $\mathbb Q$ of rational numbers. For example, we prove that there is no algorithm to decide the solvability of a general exponential…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-02 Zhi-Wei Sun

We prove the existence of a spectral resolution of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation when the matter field is provided by a massive Yang-Mills field. The resolution is achieved by first solving the free eigenvalue problem for the gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-06-23 Claus Gerhardt

Let $\alpha$ be an algebraic number of degree $d\ge 3$ and let $K$ be the algebraic number field $\Q(\alpha)$. When $\varepsilon$ is a unit of $K$ such that $\Q(\alpha\varepsilon)=K$, we consider the irreducible polynomial $f_\varepsilon(X)…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-30 Claude Levesque , Michel Waldschmidt

This work contains two papers: the first published in 2022 and entitled "On the nature of some Euler's double equations equivalent to Fermat's last theorem" provides a marvellous proof through the so-called discordant forms of appropriate…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Andrea Ossicini

Even though flt is a number theoretic result we prove that the result depends on the topological as well as the field structure of the underlying space.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2008-02-19 Vinod Kumar P. B. , K. Babu Joseph

Let $A$ be a sufficiently dense subset of a finite field $\mathbb F_q$ or a finite, cyclic ring $\mathbb Z/ N\mathbb Z$. Assuming that $q$ and $N$ have no small prime divisors, we show that generalised Fermat equations have the expected…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Sam Chow , Zi Li Lim , Akshat Mudgal

We study metric Diophantine approximation in local fields of positive characteristic. Specifically, we study the problem of improving Dirichlet's theorem in Diophantine approximation and prove very general results in this context.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Arijit Ganguly , Anish Ghosh

To obtain the highest confidence on the correction of numerical simulation programs for the resolution of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), one has to formalize the mathematical notions and results that allow to establish the soundness…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-10-03 François Clément , Vincent Martin

Let $\mathscr{P}_\mathbb{Q}=\{ \alpha^n \; : \; \alpha \in \mathbb{Q}, \; n \ge 2\}$ be the set of rational perfect powers, and let $S \subseteq \mathscr{P}_\mathbb{Q}$ be a finite subset. We prove the existence of a polynomial $f_S \in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-01 Katerina Santicola

We answer a question of Samir Siksek, asked at the open problems session of the conference ``Rational Points 2022'', which, in a broader sense, can be viewed as a reverse engineering of Diophantine equations. For any finite set $S$ of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-03 Stevan Gajović