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In a high-energy physics data analysis, the term "fake" backgrounds refers to events that would formally not satisfy the (signal) process selection criteria, but are accepted nonetheless due to mis-reconstructed particles. This can occur,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-29 Jan Gavranovič , Lara Čalić , Jernej Debevc , Else Lytken , Borut Paul Kerševan

The paper proposes a latent variable model for binary data coming from an unobserved heterogeneous population. The heterogeneity is taken into account by replacing the traditional assumption of Gaussian distributed factors by a finite…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-10-13 Silvia Cagnone , Cinzia Viroli

We consider the problem of learning predictive models from longitudinal data, consisting of irregularly repeated, sparse observations from a set of individuals over time. Such data often exhibit {\em longitudinal correlation} (LC)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-25 Junjie Liang , Dongkuan Xu , Yiwei Sun , Vasant Honavar

Data analysis based on information from several sources is common in economic and biomedical studies. This setting is often referred to as the data fusion problem, which differs from traditional missing data problems since no complete data…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-07 Wei Li , Shanshan Luo , Wangli Xu

Dynamical models of cognition play an increasingly important role in driving theoretical and experimental research in psychology. Therefore, parameter estimation, model analysis and comparison of dynamical models are of essential…

We examine a special case of the multilevel factor model, with covariance given by multilevel low rank (MLR) matrix~\cite{parshakova2023factor}. We develop a novel, fast implementation of the expectation-maximization algorithm, tailored for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-26 Tetiana Parshakova , Trevor Hastie , Stephen Boyd

The focus of this paper is to extend Fisher's linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to both densely re-corded functional data and sparsely observed longitudinal data for general $c$-category classification problems. We propose an efficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-07 Lu-Hung Chen , Ci-Ren Jiang

Item factor analysis (IFA) refers to the factor models and statistical inference procedures for analyzing multivariate categorical data. IFA techniques are commonly used in social and behavioral sciences for analyzing item-level response…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-17 Yunxiao Chen , Siliang Zhang

Latent variable models are popularly used to measure latent factors (e.g., abilities and personalities) from large-scale assessment data. Beyond understanding these latent factors, the covariate effect on responses controlling for latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-12 Jing Ouyang , Chengyu Cui , Kean Ming Tan , Gongjun Xu

In recursive linear models, the multivariate normal joint distribution of all variables exhibits a dependence structure induced by a recursive (or acyclic) system of linear structural equations. These linear models have a long tradition and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-03-04 Mathias Drton , Michael Eichler , Thomas S. Richardson

Quantitative studies in many fields involve the analysis of multivariate data of diverse types, including measurements that we may consider binary, ordinal and continuous. One approach to the analysis of such mixed data is to use a copula…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Peter D. Hoff

Probabilistic Component Latent Analysis (PLCA) is a statistical modeling method for feature extraction from non-negative data. It has been fruitfully applied to various research fields of information retrieval. However, the EM-solved…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-16 D. Cazau , G. Nuel

The likelihood function represents statistical evidence in the context of data and a probability model. Considerable theory has demonstrated that evidence strength for different parameter values can be interpreted from the ratio of…

Applications · Statistics 2016-11-17 Zeynep Baskurt , Lisa Strug

Mixtures of factor analyzers (MFA) provide a powerful tool for modelling high-dimensional datasets. In recent years, several generalizations of MFA have been developed where the normality assumption of the factors and/or of the errors was…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-29 Sharon X. Lee , Tsung-I Lin , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

Logistic regression is a fundamental and widely used statistical method for modeling binary outcomes based on covariates. However, the presence of missing data, particularly in settings involving hybrid covariates (a mix of discrete and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-05 Mohamed Cherifi , Xujia Zhu , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Ammar Mesloub

We present a novel factor analysis method that can be applied to the discovery of common factors shared among trajectories in multivariate time series data. These factors satisfy a precedence-ordering property: certain factors are recruited…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-05-10 Arnau Tibau Puig , Alfred O. Hero

We develop factor copula models for analysing the dependence among mixed continuous and discrete responses. Factor copula models are canonical vine copulas that involve both observed and latent variables, hence they allow tail, asymmetric…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-18 Sayed H. Kadhem , Aristidis K. Nikoloulopoulos

Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) data play a crucial role in the study of protein mutations, with contact prediction being a notable application. Existing methods are often model-based or algorithmic and typically do not incorporate…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-23 Fan Yang , Zhao Ren , Wen Zhou , Kejue Jia , Robert Jernigan

The EM algorithm is a generic tool that offers maximum likelihood solutions when datasets are incomplete with data values missing at random or completely at random. At least for its simplest form, the algorithm can be rewritten in terms of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-25 Daniel A. Griffith

We address the goal of conducting inference about a smooth finite-dimensional parameter by utilizing individual-level data from various independent sources. Recent advancements have led to the development of a comprehensive theory capable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Ellen Graham , Marco Carone , Andrea Rotnitzky