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At the dawn of the next-generation wireless systems and networks, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been envisioned as one of the enabling technologies. With the continued success of being applied in the 5G and beyond, the…
To meet the future demand for huge traffic volume of wireless data service, the research on the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems has been undertaken in recent years. It is expected that the spectral and energy efficiencies…
Since the first cellular networks were trialled in the 1970s, we have witnessed an incredible wireless revolution. From 1G to 4G, the massive traffic growth has been managed by a combination of wider bandwidths, refined radio interfaces,…
To explore the full potential of ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, it is fundamental to understand new ultra-massive MIMO channel characteristics and establish pervasive channel models. On this…
Multiple antenna technologies have attracted large research interest for several decades and have gradually made their way into mainstream communication systems. Two main benefits are adaptive beamforming gains and spatial multiplexing,…
The recently commercialized fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication networks achieved many improvements, including air interface enhancement, spectrum expansion, and network intensification by several key technologies, such as massive…
Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is an important technology in fifth generation (5G) cellular networks and beyond. To help design the beamforming at the base station, 5G has introduced new support in the form of flexible…
Massive MIMO is envisioned as a promising technology for 5G wireless networks due to its high potential to improve both spectral and energy efficiency. Although the massive MIMO system is based on innovations in the physical layer, the…
This paper surveys recent advances in the area of very large MIMO systems. With very large MIMO, we think of systems that use antenna arrays with an order of magnitude more elements than in systems being built today, say a hundred antennas…
Antennas of transmitters and receivers have been manipulated to increase the capacity of transmission and reception of signals. Using many elements in antennas to shape beams and direct nulls in a particular point for optimum signal…
Sixth generation (6G) wireless networks are envisioned to include aspects of energy footprint reduction (sustainability), besides those of network capacity and connectivity, at the design stage. This paradigm change requires radically new…
Terahertz (THz)-band communications are currently being celebrated as a key technology that could fulfill the increasing demands for wireless data traffic in the upcoming sixth-generation (6G) of wireless communications. Many challenges,…
Multi-user Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) offers big advantages over conventional point-to-point MIMO: it works with cheap single-antenna terminals, a rich scattering environment is not required, and resource allocation is simplified…
Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) is no longer a "wild" or "promising" concept for future cellular networks - in 2018 it became a reality. Base stations (BSs) with 64 fully digital transceiver chains were commercially deployed…
Empowered by the latest progress on innovative metamaterials/metasurfaces and advanced antenna technologies, holographic multiple-input multiple-output (H-MIMO) emerges as a promising technology to fulfill the extreme goals of the…
As the backbone of the fifth-generation (5G) cellular network, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) encounters a significant challenge in practical applications: how to deploy a large number of antenna elements within limited…
Distributed multiple-input multiple-output (D\mbox{-}MIMO) is a promising technology to realize the promise of massive MIMO gains by fiber-connecting the distributed antenna arrays, thereby overcoming the form factor limitations of…
In 6G, the trend of transitioning from massive antenna elements to even more massive ones is continued. However, installing additional antennas in the limited space of user equipment (UE) is challenging, resulting in limited capacity…
Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) is one of the key use-cases for the development of the new standard 5G New Radio for the next generation of mobile wireless networks. Large-scale antenna arrays, a.k.a. Massive MIMO, the usage of carrier…
Massive MIMO is a compelling wireless access concept that relies on the use of an excess number of base-station antennas, relative to the number of active terminals. This technology is a main component of 5G New Radio (NR) and addresses all…