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The growing scale of ad auctions on online advertising platforms has intensified competition, making manual bidding impractical and necessitating auto-bidding to help advertisers achieve their economic goals. Current auto-bidding methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yewen Li , Zhiyi Lyu , Peng Jiang , Qingpeng Cai , Fei Pan , Bo An , Peng Jiang

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly boosted performance in natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the deployment of high-performance LLMs incurs substantial costs, primarily due to the increased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Saehan Jo , Immanuel Trummer

We highlight two significant issues leading to the passivity of current merchant non-player characters (NPCs): pricing and communication. While immersive interactions with active NPCs have been a focus, price negotiations between merchant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Byungjun Kim , Minju Kim , Dayeon Seo , Bugeun Kim

Travel choice analysis is crucial for understanding individual travel behavior to develop appropriate transport policies and recommendation systems in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Despite extensive research, this domain faces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Xuehao Zhai , Hanlin Tian , Lintong Li , Tianyu Zhao

Today's large language models (LLMs) are trained to align with user preferences through methods such as reinforcement learning. Yet models are beginning to be deployed not merely to satisfy users, but also to generate revenue for the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Addison J. Wu , Ryan Liu , Shuyue Stella Li , Yulia Tsvetkov , Thomas L. Griffiths

Optimizing large language models (LLMs) for multi-turn conversational outcomes remains a significant challenge, especially in goal-oriented settings like AI marketing or sales agents who facilitate transactions via messaging platforms. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Daniel R. Jiang , Jalaj Bhandari , Yukai Yang , Rémi Munos , Tyler Lu

Organizations often lack sufficient data to effectively train machine learning (ML) models, while others possess valuable data that remains underutilized. Data markets promise to unlock substantial value by matching data suppliers with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Minbiao Han , Jonathan Light , Steven Xia , Sainyam Galhotra , Raul Castro Fernandez , Haifeng Xu

We introduce AgreeMate, a framework for training Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform strategic price negotiations through natural language. We apply recent advances to a negotiation setting where two agents (i.e. buyer or seller) use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Ainesh Chatterjee , Samuel Miller , Nithin Parepally

The industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and network slicing (NS) paradigms have been envisioned as key enablers for flexible and intelligent manufacturing in the industry 4.0, where a myriad of interconnected machines, sensors, and devices…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Gordon Owusu Boateng , Guisong Liu

Large Language Model (LLM) serving systems must balance task performance against monetary cost. Two prominent optimization techniques have emerged independently: LLM routing, which directs each query to the most cost-effective model in a…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Haotian Xu , Kangfei Zhao , Jiadong Xie

Large language models (LLMs) encode a vast amount of world knowledge acquired from massive text datasets. Recent studies have demonstrated that LLMs can assist an embodied agent in solving complex sequential decision making tasks by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Bin Hu , Chenyang Zhao , Pu Zhang , Zihao Zhou , Yuanhang Yang , Zenglin Xu , Bin Liu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) transition into conversational agents, generative advertising emerges as a crucial monetization strategy. However, embedding advertisements within unstructured LLM outputs introduces a critical trilemma:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Peiran Yun , Wenxin Xu , Jiayuan Liu , Yihang Zhang , Liang Zeng , Lingkai Kong , Tonghan Wang

Prompt engineering, as an efficient and effective way to leverage Large Language Models (LLM), has drawn a lot of attention from the research community. The existing research primarily emphasizes the importance of adapting prompts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuyan Chen , Zhihao Wen , Ge Fan , Zhengyu Chen , Wei Wu , Dayiheng Liu , Zhixu Li , Bang Liu , Yanghua Xiao

The future of mobility-as-a-Service (Maas)should embrace an integrated system of ride-hailing, street-hailing and ride-sharing with optimised intelligent vehicle routing in response to a real-time, stochastic demand pattern. We aim to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Shen Ren , Qianxiao Li , Liye Zhang , Zheng Qin , Bo Yang

Large language models (LLMs) play a vital role in almost every domain in today's organizations. In the context of this work, we highlight the use of LLMs for sentiment analysis (SA) and explainability. Specifically, we contribute a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Lior Limonad , Fabiana Fournier , Juan Manuel Vera Díaz , Inna Skarbovsky , Shlomit Gur , Raquel Lazcano

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have emerged as a powerful paradigm for enabling autonomous agents to solve complex tasks. As these systems scale in complexity, cost becomes an important consideration for practical…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Liming Yang , Junyu Luo , Xuanzhe Liu , Yiling Lou , Zhenpeng Chen

Extremely large pre-trained language models (PTMs) such as GPT-3 are usually released as a service. It allows users to design task-specific prompts to query the PTMs through some black-box APIs. In such a scenario, which we call…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Tianxiang Sun , Yunfan Shao , Hong Qian , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

Big data has been emerging as a new approach in utilizing large datasets to optimize complex system operations. Big data is fueled with Internet-of-Things (IoT) services that generate immense sensory data from numerous sensors and devices.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Dusit Niyato , Mohammad Abu Alsheikh , Ping Wang , Dong In Kim , Zhu Han

Large language models (LLMs) present intriguing opportunities to enhance user interaction with traditional algorithms and tools in real-world applications. An advanced planning system (APS) is a sophisticated software that leverages…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Timothy Tin Long Yu , Mahdi Mostajabdaveh , Jabo Serge Byusa , Rindra Ramamonjison , Giuseppe Carenini , Kun Mao , Zirui Zhou , Yong Zhang

Machine Learning-as-a-Service (MLaaS) has become a widespread paradigm, making even the most complex machine learning models available for clients via e.g. a pay-per-query principle. This allows users to avoid time-consuming processes of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Daryna Oliynyk , Rudolf Mayer , Andreas Rauber