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Temporal data, notably time series and spatio-temporal data, are prevalent in real-world applications. They capture dynamic system measurements and are produced in vast quantities by both physical and virtual sensors. Analyzing these data…

Data visualization in the form of charts plays a pivotal role in data analysis, offering critical insights and aiding in informed decision-making. Automatic chart understanding has witnessed significant advancements with the rise of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Kung-Hsiang Huang , Hou Pong Chan , Yi R. Fung , Haoyi Qiu , Mingyang Zhou , Shafiq Joty , Shih-Fu Chang , Heng Ji

Pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse domains, with education and research emerging as particularly impactful areas. Among current state-of-the-art LLMs, ChatGPT and DeepSeek exhibit strong…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Md Mostafizer Rahman , Ariful Islam Shiplu , Md Faizul Ibne Amin , Yutaka Watanobe , Lu Peng

Dialogue systems are a popular natural language processing (NLP) task as it is promising in real-life applications. It is also a complicated task since many NLP tasks deserving study are involved. As a result, a multitude of novel works on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jinjie Ni , Tom Young , Vlad Pandelea , Fuzhao Xue , Erik Cambria

Advances in foundation modeling have reshaped computational pathology. However, the increasing number of available models and lack of standardized benchmarks make it increasingly complex to assess their strengths, limitations, and potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Andrew Zhang , Guillaume Jaume , Anurag Vaidya , Tong Ding , Faisal Mahmood

Large foundation language models have shown their versatility in being able to be adapted to perform a wide variety of downstream tasks, such as text generation, sentiment analysis, semantic search etc. However, training such large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Venkat Srinivasan , Darshan Gandhi , Urmish Thakker , Raghu Prabhakar

Recent times are witnessing rapid development in machine learning algorithm systems, especially in reinforcement learning, natural language processing, computer and robot vision, image processing, speech, and emotional processing and…

Foundation Models (FMs) serve as a general class for the development of artificial intelligence systems, offering broad potential for generalization across a spectrum of downstream tasks. Despite extensive research into self-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Yuhao Xu , Xinqi Liu , Keyu Duan , Yi Fang , Yu-Neng Chuang , Daochen Zha , Qiaoyu Tan

Instruction tuning is widely recognized as a key technique for building generalist language models, which has attracted the attention of researchers and the public with the release of InstructGPT~\citep{ouyang2022training} and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Ge Zhang , Yemin Shi , Ruibo Liu , Ruibin Yuan , Yizhi Li , Siwei Dong , Yu Shu , Zhaoqun Li , Zekun Wang , Chenghua Lin , Wenhao Huang , Jie Fu

The rise of foundation models -- large, pretrained machine learning models that can be finetuned to a variety of tasks -- has revolutionized the fields of natural language processing and computer vision. In high-energy physics, the question…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-12 Anna Hallin

With the rapid development of natural language processing technology, large language models have demonstrated exceptional performance in various application scenarios. However, training these models requires significant computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Haowei Yang , Mingxiu Sui , Shaobo Liu , Xinyue Qian , Zhaoyang Zhang , Bingying Liu

The inception of large language models has helped advance state-of-the-art performance on numerous natural language tasks. This has also opened the door for the development of foundation models for other domains and data modalities such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Yara Rizk , Praveen Venkateswaran , Vatche Isahagian , Vinod Muthusamy

Foundation models (FMs) are general-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) models that have recently enabled multiple brand-new generative AI applications. The rapid advances in FMs serve as an important contextual backdrop for the vision of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Zihan Chen , Howard H. Yang , Y. C. Tay , Kai Fong Ernest Chong , Tony Q. S. Quek

In recent years large model trained on huge amount of cross-modality data, which is usually be termed as foundation model, achieves conspicuous accomplishment in many fields, such as image recognition and generation. Though achieving great…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Shiqi Yang , Atsushi Hashimoto , Yoshitaka Ushiku

Foundation Models (FMs), such as LLaMA, BERT, GPT, ViT, and CLIP, have demonstrated remarkable success in a wide range of applications, driven by their ability to leverage vast amounts of data for pre-training. However, optimizing FMs often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Sixing Yu , J. Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari

Predictive models play a pivotal role in credit risk management, guiding critical decisions through accurate estimation of default probabilities and losses. Extensive research has introduced new modeling techniques, complemented by…

Foundation model, which is pre-trained on broad data and is able to adapt to a wide range of tasks, is advancing healthcare. It promotes the development of healthcare artificial intelligence (AI) models, breaking the contradiction between…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yuting He , Fuxiang Huang , Xinrui Jiang , Yuxiang Nie , Minghao Wang , Jiguang Wang , Hao Chen

Telecom networks are becoming increasingly complex, with diversified deployment scenarios, multi-standards, and multi-vendor support. The intricate nature of the telecom network ecosystem presents challenges to effectively manage, operate,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Tahar Zanouda , Meysam Masoudi , Fitsum Gaim Gebre , Mischa Dohler

Driven by the recent advances in deep learning methods and, in particular, by the development of modern self-supervised learning algorithms, increased interest and efforts have been devoted to build foundation models (FMs) for medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 kaiko. ai , Nanne Aben , Edwin D. de Jong , Ioannis Gatopoulos , Nicolas Känzig , Mikhail Karasikov , Axel Lagré , Roman Moser , Joost van Doorn , Fei Tang

MTL is a learning paradigm that effectively leverages both task-specific and shared information to address multiple related tasks simultaneously. In contrast to STL, MTL offers a suite of benefits that enhance both the training process and…