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Data imbalance, that is the disproportion between the number of training observations coming from different classes, remains one of the most significant challenges affecting contemporary machine learning. The negative impact of data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Michał Koziarski

In many application domains such as medicine, information retrieval, cybersecurity, social media, etc., datasets used for inducing classification models often have an unequal distribution of the instances of each class. This situation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Mohamed S. Kraiem , Fernando Sánchez-Hernández , María N. Moreno-García

Many real-world applications reveal difficulties in learning classifiers from imbalanced data. The rising big data era has been witnessing more classification tasks with large-scale but extremely imbalance and low-quality datasets. Most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Zhining Liu , Wei Cao , Zhifeng Gao , Jiang Bian , Hechang Chen , Yi Chang , Tie-Yan Liu

Synthetic data generation offers promise for addressing data scarcity and privacy concerns in educational technology, yet practitioners lack empirical guidance for selecting between traditional resampling techniques and modern deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Tapiwa Amion Chinodakufa , Ashfaq Ali Shafin , Khandaker Mamun Ahmed

Despite over two decades of progress, imbalanced data is still considered a significant challenge for contemporary machine learning models. Modern advances in deep learning have magnified the importance of the imbalanced data problem. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Damien Dablain , Bartosz Krawczyk , Nitesh V. Chawla

An approach to the construction of classifiers from imbalanced datasets is described. A dataset is imbalanced if the classification categories are not approximately equally represented. Often real-world data sets are predominately composed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-11-25 N. V. Chawla , K. W. Bowyer , L. O. Hall , W. P. Kegelmeyer

Imbalanced data is a frequently encountered problem in machine learning. Despite a vast amount of literature on sampling techniques for imbalanced data, there is a limited number of studies that address the issue of the optimal sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Firuz Kamalov , Amir F. Atiya , Dina Elreedy

Class imbalance in a dataset is a major problem for classifiers that results in poor prediction with a high true positive rate (TPR) but a low true negative rate (TNR) for a majority positive training dataset. Generally, the pre-processing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Anuraganand Sharma , Prabhat Kumar Singh , Rohitash Chandra

Despite the fact that data imbalance is becoming more and more common in real-world Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) applications, it has not been studied extensively in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-07 Judith Gaspers , Quynh Do , Fabian Triefenbach

State-of-the-art techniques of artificial intelligence, in particular deep learning, are mostly data-driven. However, collecting and manually labeling a large scale dataset is both difficult and expensive. A promising alternative is to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Qi Chen , Weichao Qiu , Yi Zhang , Lingxi Xie , Alan Yuille

Learning from class-imbalanced data continues to be a common and challenging problem in supervised learning as standard classification algorithms are designed to handle balanced class distributions. While different strategies exist to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Felix Last , Georgios Douzas , Fernando Bacao

The location fingerprinting method, which typically utilizes supervised learning, has been widely adopted as a viable solution for the indoor positioning problem. Many indoor positioning datasets are imbalanced. Models trained on imbalanced…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-01 Fahad Alhomayani , Mohammad H. Mahoor

Class imbalance is a long-standing problem relevant to a number of real-world applications of deep learning. Oversampling techniques, which are effective for handling class imbalance in classical learning systems, can not be directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Sankha Subhra Mullick , Shounak Datta , Swagatam Das

Data rebalancing techniques, including oversampling and undersampling, are a common approach to addressing the challenges of imbalanced data. To tackle unresolved problems related to both oversampling and undersampling, we propose a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Karen Medlin , Sven Leyffer , Krishnan Raghavan

As part of autonomous car driving systems, semantic segmentation is an essential component to obtain a full understanding of the car's environment. One difficulty, that occurs while training neural networks for this purpose, is class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Robin Chan , Matthias Rottmann , Fabian Hüger , Peter Schlicht , Hanno Gottschalk

Image classification datasets are often imbalanced, characteristic that negatively affects the accuracy of deep-learning classifiers. In this work we propose balancing GAN (BAGAN) as an augmentation tool to restore balance in imbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Giovanni Mariani , Florian Scheidegger , Roxana Istrate , Costas Bekas , Cristiano Malossi

Class imbalance in deep neural networks (DNNs) has witnessed a rapid increase in research attention in recent years. However, the varying accounts of the reasons behind the poor performance of DNN on imbalance data in pertinent literature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ismail B. Mustapha , Shafaatunnur Hasan , Sunday O. Olatunji , Hatem S. Y. Nabus

Given imbalanced data, it is hard to train a good classifier using deep learning because of the poor generalization of minority classes. Traditionally, the well-known synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) for data augmentation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Wei-Chao Cheng , Tan-Ha Mai , Hsuan-Tien Lin

Highly imbalanced datasets are ubiquitous in medical image classification problems. In such problems, it is often the case that rare classes associated to less prevalent diseases are severely under-represented in labeled databases,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Adrian Galdran , Gustavo Carneiro , Miguel A. González Ballester

Training models on highly unbalanced data is admitted to be a challenging task for machine learning algorithms. Current studies on deep learning mainly focus on data sets with balanced class labels or unbalanced data, but with massive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Louis Marceau , Lingling Qiu , Nick Vandewiele , Eric Charton