Related papers: Topological order in higher composites
Topological order (long-range entanglement) is a new type of order that beyond Landau's symmetry breaking theory. This concept plays important roles in modern condensed matter physics. The topological entanglement entropy provides a…
We study topological order in a toric code in three spatial dimensions, or a 3+1D Z_2 gauge theory, at finite temperature. We compute exactly the topological entropy of the system, and show that it drops, for any infinitesimal temperature,…
Topological phases of matter are often understood and predicted with the help of crystal symmetries, although they don't rely on them to exist. In this chapter we review how topological phases have been recently shown to emerge in amorphous…
Topological phases of matter have been extensively studied for their intriguing bulk and edge properties. Recently, higher-order topological insulators with boundary states that are two or more dimensions lower than the bulk states, have…
In this work the topological order at finite temperature in two-dimensional color code is studied. The topological entropy is used to measure the behavior of the topological order. Topological order in color code arises from the colored…
Higher-order topological insulators have a modified bulk-boundary correspondence compared to other topological phases: instead of gapless edge or surface states, they have gapped edges and surfaces, but protected modes at corners or hinges.…
Rapid development of topological concepts in photonics unveils exotic phenomena such as unidirectional propagation of electromagnetic waves resilient to backscattering at sharp bends and disorder-immune localization of light at stable…
It is well known that the mathematically accurate description of ordering and related symmetry breaking in statistical systems requires to consider the thermodynamic limit. But the order does not appear from nowhere, and yet before the…
This theoretical paper discusses microscopic models giving rise to special types of order in which conduction electrons are bound together with localized spins to create composite order parameters. It is shown that composite order is…
We discuss a protocol for growing states with topological order in interacting many-body systems using a sequence of flux quanta and particle insertion. We first consider a simple toy model, the superlattice Bose Hubbard model, to explain…
Pair spin-orbit interaction can emerge in strongly-interacting systems characterized by a large spin-orbit coupling. Here we study the role of this interaction in stabilizing ordered and unconventional superconducting phases. We find that,…
Higher-order topological insulators (HOTI) are a novel topological phase beyond the framework of the conventional bulk-boundary correspondence. In these peculiar systems, the topologically nontrivial boundary modes are characterized by a…
One view of the cuprate high-transition temperature (high-Tc) superconductors is that they are conventional superconductors where the pairing occurs between weakly interacting quasiparticles, which stand in one-to-one correspondence with…
Higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) have attracted increasing interest as a unique class of topological quantum materials. One distinct property of HOTIs is the crystalline symmetry-imposed topological state at the lower-dimensional…
We propose a general framework for studying two-dimensional (2D) topologically ordered states subject to local correlated errors and show that the resulting mixed-state can display intrinsically mixed-state topological order (imTO) --…
Finite Bose systems cannot display a genuine Bose-Einstein condensate with infinite long-range order. But, if the number of trapped atoms is sufficiently large, a kind of Bose-Einstein condensation does occur, with the properties of the…
Since the discovery of topological insulators, many topological phases have been predicted and realized in a range of different systems, providing both fascinating physics and exciting opportunities for devices. And although new materials…
Can a large system be fully characterized using its subsystems via inductive reasoning? Is it possible to completely reduce the behavior of a complex system to the behavior of its simplest "atoms"? In the following paper we answer these…
The definition of order indices for density matrices is extended to finite systems. This makes it possible to characterize the level of ordering in such finite systems as macromolecules, nanoclusters, quantum dots, or trapped atoms. The…
Symmetry and topology are essential principles in topological physics. Recently, the idea of sub-symmetry-protected topology -- where some of the original symmetries are broken while a remaining subset, called sub-symmetries, continues to…