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Code-switching (CS) refers to the switching of languages within a speech signal and results in language confusion for automatic speech recognition (ASR). To address language confusion, we propose a language alignment loss (LAL) that aligns…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Hexin Liu , Xiangyu Zhang , Haoyang Zhang , Leibny Paola Garcia , Andy W. H. Khong , Eng Siong Chng , Shinji Watanabe

Building an intelligent dialogue system with the ability to select a proper response according to a multi-turn context is a great challenging task. Existing studies focus on building a context-response matching model with various neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Ruijian Xu , Chongyang Tao , Daxin Jiang , Xueliang Zhao , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

This paper addresses the problem of automatic speech recognition (ASR) error detection and their use for improving spoken language understanding (SLU) systems. In this study, the SLU task consists in automatically extracting, from ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Edwin Simonnet , Sahar Ghannay , Nathalie Camelin , Yannick Estève , Renato De Mori

As more users across the world are interacting with dialog agents in their daily life, there is a need for better speech understanding that calls for renewed attention to the dynamics between research in automatic speech recognition (ASR)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Manaal Faruqui , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Contextual automatic speech recognition (ASR) with Speech-LLMs is typically trained with oracle conversation history, but relies on error-prone history at inference, causing a train-test mismatch in the context channel that we term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xiaoyong Guo , Nanjie Li , Zijie Zeng , Kai Wang , Hao Huang , Haihua Xu , Wei Shi

In real-world applications, automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems must handle overlapping speech from multiple speakers and recognize rare words like technical terms. Traditional methods address multi-talker ASR and contextual biasing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Jiajun He , Naoki Sawada , Koichi Miyazaki , Tomoki Toda

In Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), various pretext tasks are designed for learning feature representations through contrastive loss. However, previous studies have shown that this loss is less tolerant to semantically similar samples due to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Shanshan Wang , Soumya Tripathy , Annamaria Mesaros

Speech-enabled systems typically first convert audio to text through an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model and then feed the text to downstream natural language processing (NLP) modules. The errors of the ASR system can seriously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Tong Cui , Jinghui Xiao , Liangyou Li , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Our prior experiments show that humans and machines seem to employ different approaches to speaker discrimination, especially in the presence of speaking style variability. The experiments examined read versus conversational speech.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-29 Amber Afshan , Abeer Alwan

As human-machine voice interfaces provide easy access to increasingly intelligent machines, many state-of-the-art automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are proposed. However, commercial ASR systems usually have poor performance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Yanan Jia

When a natural language generation (NLG) component is implemented in a real-world task-oriented dialogue system, it is necessary to generate not only natural utterances as learned on training data but also utterances adapted to the dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Atsumoto Ohashi , Ryuichiro Higashinaka

Pseudo-labeling is the most adopted method for pre-training automatic speech recognition (ASR) models. However, its performance suffers from the supervised teacher model's degrading quality in low-resource setups and under domain transfer.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Alex Xiao , Christian Fuegen , Abdelrahman Mohamed

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has shown promise in learning representations of audio that are useful for automatic speech recognition (ASR). But, training SSL models like wav2vec~2.0 requires a two-stage pipeline. In this paper we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Chaitanya Talnikar , Tatiana Likhomanenko , Ronan Collobert , Gabriel Synnaeve

Spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks are usually solved by first transcribing an utterance with automatic speech recognition (ASR) and then feeding the output to a text-based model. Recent advances in self-supervised representation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-01 Lasse Borgholt , Jakob Drachmann Havtorn , Mostafa Abdou , Joakim Edin , Lars Maaløe , Anders Søgaard , Christian Igel

In this paper, we present our studies and experiments carried out for the task 1 of the Challenge and Workshop on Multilingual Conversational Speech Language Model (MLC-SLM), which focuses on advancing multilingual conversational speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Lorenzo Concina , Jordi Luque , Alessio Brutti , Marco Matassoni , Yuchen Zhang

This paper presents the use of non-autoregressive (NAR) approaches for joint automatic speech recognition (ASR) and spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks. The proposed NAR systems employ a Conformer encoder that applies connectionist…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-24 Mohan Li , Rama Doddipatla

Cascaded Automatic Speech Recognition -- Large Language Model (ASR-LLM) pipelines remain popular for industrial Spoken Dialogue Systems (SDS), primarily because their decoupled design ensures perceptual verifiability. However, cascaded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yizhou Peng , Ziyang Ma , Changsong Liu , Yi-Wen Chao , Xie Chen , Eng Siong Chng

In the area of commercial auto sales system, high-quality lead score sequencing determines the priority of a sale's work and is essential for optimizing the efficiency of the sales system. Since CRM (Customer Relationship Management) system…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yin Sun , Yiwen Liu , Junjie Song , Chenyu Zhang , Xinyuan Zhang , Lingjie Liu , Siqi Chen , Yuji Cao

Employing pre-trained language models (LM) to extract contextualized word representations has achieved state-of-the-art performance on various NLP tasks. However, applying this technique to noisy transcripts generated by automatic speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Spoken dialog systems are slowly becoming and integral part of the human experience due to their various advantages over textual interfaces. Spoken language understanding (SLU) systems are fundamental building blocks of spoken dialog…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Akshat Gupta