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The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) propagating through cosmic structures can provide invaluable information on the geometry and content of our Universe, as well as on the fundamental theory of gravity. In order to test possible…
Gravitational waves from compact binary inspirals offer a new opportunity to constrain the cosmological time dependence of gravitational coupling parameters, due to the high precision of the observations themselves as well as the…
In this manuscript we review the theoretical foundations of gravitational waves in the framework of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity. Following Einstein's early efforts we first derive the linearised Einstein field equations…
This review explores modified theories of gravity, particularly $f(R)$ gravity, as extensions to General Relativity (GR) that offer alternatives to dark energy for explaining cosmic acceleration. These models generalize the Einstein-Hilbert…
The role of space-time torsion in general relativity is reviewed in accordance with some recent results on the subject. It is shown that, according to the connection compatibility condition, the usual Riemannian volume element is not…
Gravitational waves sourced by amplified scalar perturbations are a common prediction across a wide range of cosmological models. These scalar curvature fluctuations are inherently nonlinear and typically non-Gaussian. We argue that the…
We use the Newtonian limit of a general scalar-tensor theory around a background field to study astrophysical effects. The gravitational theory modifies the standard Newtonian potential by adding a Yukawa term to it, which is quantified by…
Cosmological scalar perturbation theory studied in the Newtonian gauge depends on two potentials $\Phi$ and $\Psi$. In General Relativity (GR) they must coincide ($\Phi=\Psi$) in the absence of anisotropic stresses sourced by the energy…
It is well-known that the gravitational force can be obtained by gauging the Lorentz group, which puts gravity on the same footing as the Standard Model fields. The resulting theory - Einstein-Cartan gravity - has several crucial…
The energy density spectrum is an observable of gravitational waves. Divergence has appeared in the energy density spectra of the scalar induced gravitational waves for different gauge fixings. To resolve the discrepancy, we investigate the…
Recently we have presented a new formulation of the theory of gravity based on an implementation of the Einstein Equivalence Principle distinct from General Relativity. The kinetic part of the theory - that describes how matter is affected…
The gauge gravitation theory in the Riemann-Cartan space-time is investigated in order to solve the fundamental problems of the general relativity theory. The constraints for indefinite parameters of the theory under which solutions of…
On the basis of an algebraic relation between torsion and a classical spinor field a new interpretation of Einstein-Cartan gravity interacting with classical spinor field is proposed. In this approach the spinor field becomes an auxiliary…
A tensor description of perturbative Einsteinian gravity about an arbitrary background spacetime is developed. By analogy with the covariant laws of electromagnetism in spacetime, gravito-electromagnetic potentials and fields are defined to…
In the present work, we analyze the evolution of the scalar and tensorial perturbations and the quantities relevant for the physical description of the Universe, as the density contrast of the scalar perturbations and the gravitational…
We have taken a modified version of the Einstein Hilbert action, $ f(R, T^\phi) $ gravity under consideration, where $T^\phi$ is the energy-momentum tensor trace for the scalar field under consideration. The structural behaviour of the…
In the framework of Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (EsGB) gravity, we systematically study gravitational waves (GWs), first produced by remote compact astrophysical sources and then propagating through the flat homogeneous and isotropic…
The metric of a perturbed Robertson-Walker spacetime is characterized by three functions: a scale-factor giving the expansion history and two potentials which generalize the single potential of Newtonian gravity. The Newtonian potential…
We investigate the cosmological implications of modified gravities induced by the quantum fluctuations of the gravitational metric. If the metric can be decomposed as the sum of the classical and of a fluctuating part, of quantum origin,…
The confrontation between Einstein's gravitation theory and experimental results, notably binary pulsar data, is summarized and its significance discussed. Experiment and theory agree at the 10^{-3} level or better. All the basic structures…