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Opacity is an important information-flow security property in the analysis of cyber-physical systems. It captures the plausible deniability of the system's secret behavior in the presence of an intruder that may access the information flow.…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Xiang Yin , Majid Zamani

Qualitative opacity of a secret is a security property, which means that a system trajectory satisfying the secret is observation-equivalent to a trajectory violating the secret. In this paper, we study how to synthesize a control policy…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Sumukha Udupa , Jie Fu

In this paper, we consider the problem of verifying pre-opacity for discrete-time control systems. Pre-opacity is an important information-flow security property that secures the intention of a system to execute some secret behaviors in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-09 Junyao Hou , Siyuan Liu , Xiang Yin , Majid Zamani

The security in information-flow has become a major concern for cyber-physical systems (CPSs). In this work, we focus on the analysis of an information-flow security property, called opacity. Opacity characterizes the plausible deniability…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-29 Siyuan Liu , Abdalla Swikir , Majid Zamani

Opacity is a property expressing whether a system may reveal its secret to a passive observer (an intruder) who knows the structure of the system but has a limited observation of its behavior. Several notions of opacity have been studied,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Jiří Balun , Tomáš Masopust

The paper studies information-theoretic opacity, an information-flow privacy property, in a setting involving two agents: A planning agent who controls a stochastic system and an observer who partially observes the system states. The goal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-20 Chongyang Shi , Yuheng Bu , Jie Fu

Opacity, or non-interference, is a property ensuring that an external observer cannot infer confidential information (the "secret") from system observations. We introduce an information-theoretic measure of opacity, which quantifies…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Chongyang Shi , Sumukha Udupa , Michael R. Dorothy , Shuo Han , Jie Fu

In this paper, we investigate a class of information-flow security properties called opacity in partial-observed discrete-event systems. Roughly speaking, a system is said to be opaque if the intruder, which is modeled by a passive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-01 Bohan Cui , Xiang Yin , Shaoyuan Li , Alessandro Giua

Opacity has emerged as a central confidentiality notion for information-flow security in discrete event systems (DES), capturing the requirement that an external observer (intruder) should never be able to determine with certainty whether…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-27 Xiang Yin

Opacity, an information-flow property related to the privacy and security of a system, has been extensively studied in the context of discrete event systems. Although various notions of opacity have been proposed, in all cases the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-02 Dan You , Shouguang Wang , Carla Seatzu

Opacity is a generic security property, that has been defined on (non probabilistic) transition systems and later on Markov chains with labels. For a secret predicate, given as a subset of runs, and a function describing the view of an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-09-02 Béatrice Bérard , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Nathalie Sznajder

Opacity is a general language-theoretic framework in which several security properties of a system can be expressed. Its parameters are a predicate, given as a subset of runs of the system, and an observation function, from the set of runs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-20 B. Bérard , J. Mullins , M. Sassolas

This paper investigates an important informationflow security property called opacity in partially-observed discrete-event systems. We consider the presence of a passive intruder (eavesdropper) that knows the dynamic model of the system and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-28 Shuo Yang , Xiang Yin

Opacity is an information flow property characterizing whether a system reveals its secret to a passive observer. Several notions of opacity have been introduced in the literature. We study the notions of language-based opacity,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-29 Jiří Balun , Tomáš Masopust

We investigate a stationary process's crypticity---a measure of the difference between its hidden state information and its observed information---using the causal states of computational mechanics. Here, we motivate crypticity and cryptic…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-30 John R. Mahoney , Christopher J. Ellison , Ryan G. James , James P. Crutchfield

We investigate the enforcement of opacity in discrete-event systems via supervisory control. A system is said to be opaque if a passive intruder can never unambiguously infer whether the system is in a secret state through its observations.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Bohan Cui , Ziyue Ma , Alessandro Giua , Xiang Yin

Opacity is an important system-theoretic property expressing whether a system may reveal its secret to a passive observer (an intruder) who knows the structure of the system but has only limited observations of its behavior. Several notions…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-16 Jiří Balun , Tomáš Masopust

Opacity, as an important property in information-flow security, characterizes the ability of a system to keep some secret information from an intruder. In discrete-event systems, based on a standard setting in which an intruder has the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Xiaoguang Han , Kuize Zhang , Jiahui Zhang , Zhiwu Li , Zengqiang Chen

In this paper, we investigate the enforcement of opacity via supervisory control in the context of discrete-event systems. A system is said to be opaque if the intruder, which is modeled as a passive observer, can never infer confidently…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Yifan Xie , Xiang Yin , Shaoyuan Li

We revisit closed-loop performance guarantees for Model Predictive Control in the deterministic and stochastic cases, which extend to novel performance results applicable to receding horizon control of Partially Observable Markov Decision…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-01 Martin A. Sehr , Robert R. Bitmead
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