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Cybersecurity software tool evaluation is difficult due to the inherently adversarial nature of the field. A penetration testing (or offensive) tool must be tested against a viable defensive adversary and a defensive tool must, similarly,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jeremy Straub

The last-generation video conferencing software allows users to utilize a virtual background to conceal their personal environment due to privacy concerns, especially in official meetings with other employers. On the other hand, users maybe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Mauro Conti , Simone Milani , Ehsan Nowroozi , Gabriele Orazi

The advent of Federated Learning (FL) as a distributed machine learning paradigm has introduced new cybersecurity challenges, notably adversarial attacks that threaten model integrity and participant privacy. This study proposes an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Zahir Alsulaimawi

How can we detect suspicious users in large online networks? Online popularity of a user or product (via follows, page-likes, etc.) can be monetized on the premise of higher ad click-through rates or increased sales. Web services and social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-08-11 Neil Shah , Alex Beutel , Brian Gallagher , Christos Faloutsos

If we wish to compromise some password-protected system as an attacker (i.e. a member of the red team), we have a large number of popular and actively-maintained tools to choose from in helping us to realise our goal. Password hash cracking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Saul Johnson

Cybercriminals are rapidly developing new malicious tools that leverage artificial intelligence (AI) to enable new classes of adaptive and stealthy attacks. New defensive methods need to be developed to counter these threats. Some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Neil Dhir , Henrique Hoeltgebaum , Niall Adams , Mark Briers , Anthony Burke , Paul Jones

Federated Learning (FL) has been recently receiving increasing consideration from the cybersecurity community as a way to collaboratively train deep learning models with distributed profiles of cyber threats, with no disclosure of training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Roberto Doriguzzi-Corin , Domenico Siracusa

Machine learning has seen tremendous advances in the past few years, which has lead to deep learning models being deployed in varied applications of day-to-day life. Attacks on such models using perturbations, particularly in real-life…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Siddhant Bhambri , Sumanyu Muku , Avinash Tulasi , Arun Balaji Buduru

Numerous works study black-box attacks on image classifiers. However, these works make different assumptions on the adversary's knowledge and current literature lacks a cohesive organization centered around the threat model. To systematize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Fnu Suya , Anshuman Suri , Tingwei Zhang , Jingtao Hong , Yuan Tian , David Evans

Hardware accelerators are available on the Cloud for enhanced analytics. Next generation Clouds aim to bring enhanced analytics using accelerators closer to user devices at the edge of the network for improving Quality-of-Service by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Blesson Varghese , Carlos Reano , Federico Silla

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are deployed in more and more classification systems, but adversarial samples can be maliciously crafted to trick them, and are becoming a real threat. There have been various proposals to improve CNNs'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Ilia Shumailov , Yiren Zhao , Robert Mullins , Ross Anderson

The ability to analyze network threats is very important in security research. Traditional approaches, involving sandboxing technology are limited to simulating a single host, missing local network attacks. This issue is addressed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Francisc Moldovan , Ciprian Oprisa

A challenge is to develop cyber-physical system scenarios that reflect the diversity and complexity of real-life cyber-physical systems in the research questions that they address. Time-bounded collaborative events, such as hackathons, jams…

Malware attacks are costly. To mitigate against such attacks, organizations deploy malware detection tools that help them detect and eventually resolve those threats. While running only the best available tool does not provide enough…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Revan MacQueen , Natalie Bombardieri , James R. Wright , Karim Ali

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled agentic systems for complex, multi-step tasks; cybersecurity is emerging as a prominent application. To evaluate such agents, researchers widely adopt Capture The Flag (CTF)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Dongjun Lee , Ga-eun Bae , Insu Yun

Transformer-based malware detection systems operating on graph modalities such as control flow graphs (CFGs) achieve strong performance by modeling structural relationships in program behavior. However, their robustness to adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Andrew Wheeler , Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta

Capture-the-Flag (CTF) competitions play a central role in modern cybersecurity as a platform for training practitioners and evaluating offensive and defensive techniques derived from real-world vulnerabilities. Despite recent advances in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Xiaonan Liu , Zhihao Li , Xiao Lan , Hao Ren , Haizhou Wang , Xingshu Chen

Control-Flow Hijacking attacks are the dominant attack vector against C/C++ programs. Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) solutions mitigate these attacks on the forward edge,i.e., indirect calls through function pointers and virtual calls.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Nathan Burow , Xinping Zhang , Mathias Payer

Capture the Flag (CTF) competitions are increasingly important for the Brazilian cybersecurity community as education and professional tools. Unfortunately, CTF platforms may suffer from security issues, giving an unfair advantage to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Paulo Matias , Pedro Barbosa , Thiago Cardoso , Diego Mariano , Diego Aranha

Federated learning (FL) has achieved great success as a privacy-preserving distributed training paradigm, where many edge devices collaboratively train a machine learning model by sharing the model updates instead of the raw data with a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yuchang Sun , Jiawei Shao , Yuyi Mao , Songze Li , Jun Zhang