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In virtual reality (VR) applications, 360-degree images play a pivotal role in crafting immersive experiences and offering panoramic views, thus improving user Quality of Experience (QoE). However, the voluminous data generated by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-10 Yang Ma , Wenchi Cheng , Jingqing Wang , Wei Zhang

Recently, automatic image caption generation has been an important focus of the work on multimodal translation task. Existing approaches can be roughly categorized into two classes, i.e., top-down and bottom-up, the former transfers the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Wei Wei , Ling Cheng , Xianling Mao , Guangyou Zhou , Feida Zhu

The development of unified multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is fundamentally challenged by the granularity gap between visual understanding and generation: understanding requires high-level semantic abstractions, while image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yan Li , Ning Liao , Xiangyu Zhao , Shaofeng Zhang , Xiaoxing Wang , Yifan Yang , Junchi Yan , Xue Yang

Recently, learning-based semantic communication (SemCom) has emerged as a promising approach in the upcoming 6G network and researchers have made remarkable efforts in this field. However, existing works have yet to fully explore the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-01 Shunpu Tang , Qianqian Yang , Deniz Gündüz , Zhaoyang Zhang

Vector Quantization (VQ) techniques face significant challenges in codebook utilization, limiting reconstruction fidelity in image modeling. We introduce a Dual Codebook mechanism that effectively addresses this limitation by partitioning…

Deep learning has brought significant improvements to the field of cross-modal representation learning. For tasks such as text-to-speech (TTS), voice conversion (VC), and automatic speech recognition (ASR), a cross-modal fine-grained…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-29 Chunyu Qiang , Wang Geng , Yi Zhao , Ruibo Fu , Tao Wang , Cheng Gong , Tianrui Wang , Qiuyu Liu , Jiangyan Yi , Zhengqi Wen , Chen Zhang , Hao Che , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang , Jianhua Tao

Image quantization is a crucial technique in image generation, aimed at learning a codebook that encodes an image into a discrete token sequence. Recent advancements have seen researchers exploring learning multi-modal codebook (i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Guotao Liang , Baoquan Zhang , Zhiyuan Wen , Junteng Zhao , Yunming Ye , Kola Ye , Yao He

Visual generative models based on latent space have achieved great success, underscoring the significance of visual tokenization. Mapping images to latents boosts efficiency and enables multimodal alignment for scaling up in downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yunpeng Qu , Kaidong Zhang , Yukang Ding , Ying Chen , Jian Wang

Automatic generation of high-quality commit messages for code commits can substantially facilitate software developers' works and coordination. However, the semantic gap between source code and natural language poses a major challenge for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Lun Yiu Nie , Cuiyun Gao , Zhicong Zhong , Wai Lam , Yang Liu , Zenglin Xu

This paper develops an edge-device collaborative Generative Semantic Communications (Gen SemCom) framework leveraging pre-trained Multi-modal/Vision Language Models (M/VLMs) for ultra-low-rate semantic communication via textual prompts. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Mengmeng Ren , Li Qiao , Long Yang , Zhen Gao , Jian Chen , Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi , Pei Xiao , Rahim Tafazolli , Mehdi Bennis

Current neural audio codecs typically use residual vector quantization (RVQ) to discretize speech signals. However, they often experience codebook collapse, which reduces the effective codebook size and leads to suboptimal performance. To…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-12 Rui-Chen Zheng , Hui-Peng Du , Xiao-Hang Jiang , Yang Ai , Zhen-Hua Ling

In recent years, the Transformer architecture has achieved outstanding performance across a wide range of tasks and modalities. Token is the unified input and output representation in Transformer-based models, which has become a fundamental…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Jingkai Ying , Zhijin Qin , Yulong Feng , Liejun Wang , Xiaoming Tao

Aligning signals from different modalities is an important step in vision-language representation learning as it affects the performance of later stages such as cross-modality fusion. Since image and text typically reside in different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Jiali Duan , Liqun Chen , Son Tran , Jinyu Yang , Yi Xu , Belinda Zeng , Trishul Chilimbi

Video conferencing has become a popular mode of meeting even if it consumes considerable communication resources. Conventional video compression causes resolution reduction under limited bandwidth. Semantic video conferencing maintains high…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Peiwen Jiang , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin , Geoffrey Ye Li

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on vision-language understanding tasks, yet their inference efficiency is often hampered by the large number of visual tokens, particularly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiafei Song , Fengwei Zhou , Jin Qu , Wenjin Jason Li , Tong Wu , Gengjian Xue , Zhikang Zhao , Daomin Wei , Yichao Lu , Bailin Na

Recently, the ever-increasing demand for bandwidth in multi-modal communication systems requires a paradigm shift. Powered by deep learning, semantic communications are applied to multi-modal scenarios to boost communication efficiency and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-19 Yangshuo He , Guanding Yu , Yunlong Cai

To reduce network traffic and support environments with limited resources, a method for transmitting images with minimal transmission data is required. Several machine learning-based image compression methods, which compress the data size…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Eri Hosonuma , Taku Yamazaki , Takumi Miyoshi , Akihito Taya , Yuuki Nishiyama , Kaoru Sezaki

Vector quantization is a fundamental tool for compressing high-dimensional embeddings, yet existing multi-codebook methods rely on static codebooks that limit expressiveness under heterogeneous data geometry. While recent dynamic quantizers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Zhengjia Zhong , Shuyan Ke , Zaizhou Lin , Jiaqi Song , Hongyi Lan , Hui Li

Scalability and efficiency are desired in neural speech codecs, which supports a wide range of bitrates for applications on various devices. We propose a collaborative quantization (CQ) scheme to jointly learn the codebook of LPC…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-14 Kai Zhen , Mi Suk Lee , Jongmo Sung , Seungkwon Beack , Minje Kim

Existing multi-object image generation methods face difficulties in achieving precise alignment between localized image generation regions and their corresponding semantics based on language descriptions, frequently resulting in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Yanfeng Li , Yue Sun , Keren Fu , Sio-Kei Im , Xiaoming Liu , Guangtao Zhai , Xiaohong Liu , Tao Tan