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Realistic modeling of scattering from curved metallic bodies - such as vehicles and roadside structures - is essential for cellular and vehicular channel modeling as well as radar applications. A practical approach is to approximate curved…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 Ainur Ziganshin , Enrico M. Vitucci , Wim Kotterman , Reiner Thomae , Christian Schneider , Vittorio Degli-Esposti

In the problem of spotlight mode airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation, it is well-known that data collected over a wide azimuthal angle violate the isotropic scattering property typically assumed. Many techniques have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-12 Victor Churchill , Anne Gelb

Creating plausible surfaces is an essential component in achieving a high degree of realism in rendering. To relieve artists, who create these surfaces in a time-consuming, manual process, automated retrieval of the spatially-varying…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Mark Boss , Hendrik P. A. Lensch

Capturing the shape and spatially-varying appearance (SVBRDF) of an object from images is a challenging task that has applications in both computer vision and graphics. Traditional optimization-based approaches often need a large number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Mark Boss , Varun Jampani , Kihwan Kim , Hendrik P. A. Lensch , Jan Kautz

Single image super-resolution (SISR) aims to reconstruct high-resolution (HR) images from the given low-resolution (LR) ones, which is an ill-posed problem because one LR image corresponds to multiple HR images. Recently, learning-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Haoying Li , Yifan Yang , Meng Chang , Huajun Feng , Zhihai Xu , Qi Li , Yueting Chen

We propose Differentiable Surface Splatting (DSS), a high-fidelity differentiable renderer for point clouds. Gradients for point locations and normals are carefully designed to handle discontinuities of the rendering function.…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Wang Yifan , Felice Serena , Shihao Wu , Cengiz Öztireli , Olga Sorkine-Hornung

SAR images are highly sensitive to observation configurations, and they exhibit significant variations across different viewing angles, making it challenging to represent and learn their anisotropic features. As a result, deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Zhengxin Lei , Feng Xu , Jiangtao Wei , Feng Cai , Feng Wang , Ya-Qiu Jin

We present a method for differentiable rendering of 3D surfaces that supports both explicit and implicit representations, provides derivatives at occlusion boundaries, and is fast and simple to implement. The method first samples the…

Graphics · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Forrester Cole , Kyle Genova , Avneesh Sud , Daniel Vlasic , Zhoutong Zhang

SDF-based differential rendering frameworks have achieved state-of-the-art multiview 3D shape reconstruction. In this work, we re-examine this family of approaches by minimally reformulating its core appearance model in a way that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Briac Toussaint , Diego Thomas , Jean-Sébastien Franco

At millimeter-wave frequencies, diffuse scattering from rough surfaces is an important propagation mechanism. Including this mechanism in radio propagation modeling tools,such as ray-tracing, is a key step towards realizing accurate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-16 Stefanos Bakirtzis , Takahiro Hashimoto , Costas D. Sarris

Ray-tracing (RT) has become central to site-specific electromagnetic propagation modeling in dynamic complex environments. Yet its computational burden grows sharply as high-fidelity digital twins of these environments scale to millions of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Giacomo Melloni , Enrico M. Vitucci , Vittorio Degli Esposti , Samuel Berweger , Jack Chuang , Camillo Gentile , Nada Golmie

Among other remote sensing technologies, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has become firmly established in the practice of oceanographic research. Despite solid experience in this field, comprehensive knowledge and interpretation of ocean/sea…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Igor G. Rizaev , Oktay Karakus , S. John Hogan , Alin Achim

The outstanding pattern recognition performance of deep learning brings new vitality to the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR). However, there is a limitation in current deep learning based ATR solution that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-27 Fan Zhang , Chen Hu , Qiang Yin , Wei Li , Hengchao Li , Wen Hong

As computational complexity in electromagnetics increases with frequency, full-wave solvers become computationally infeasible for electrically large problems. To address this limitation, we present a shooting and bouncing rays (SBR) method…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Marco Pasquale , Andong Hu , Luca Pennati , Ivy Peng , Stefano Markidis

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a tomographic sensor that measures 2D slices of the 3D spatial Fourier transform of the scene. In many operational scenarios, the measured set of 2D slices does not fill the 3D space in the Fourier domain,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-20 Nithin Sugavanam , Emre Ertin

Small area change detection from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a highly challenging task. In this paper, a robust unsupervised approach is proposed for small area change detection from multi-temporal SAR images using deep learning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Xinzheng Zhang , Hang Su , Ce Zhang , Xiaowei Gu , Xiaoheng Tan , Peter M. Atkinson

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging systems operate by emitting radar signals from a moving object, such as a satellite, towards the target of interest. Reflected radar echoes are received and later used by image formation algorithms to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-02 Andrew Rittenbach , John Paul Walters

An algorithm based on compressive sensing (CS) is proposed for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging of moving targets. The received SAR echo is decomposed into the sum of basis sub-signals, which are generated by discretizing the target…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-04-07 Jun Wang , Gang Li , Hao Zhang , Xiqin Wang

Ray tracing (RT) is instrumental in 6G research in order to generate spatially-consistent and environment-specific channel impulse responses (CIRs). While acquiring accurate scene geometries is now relatively straightforward, determining…

This paper presents a comprehensive experimental validation of a recently developed Ray Deflection Function (RDF) approach, which offers a new framework for modeling surface roughness effects in optical systems. Through detailed geometrical…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-05 Netzer Moriya