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Traditional blockchains cannot achieve the same transaction throughput as Web2, so their use cases are limited. Therefore, state sharding has been proposed to improve transaction throughput by dividing the blockchain network and managing…
The server-less nature of Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL) requires allocating the aggregation role to specific participants in each federated round. Current DFL architectures ensure the trustworthiness of the aggregator node upon…
The safety-critical scenarios of artificial intelligence (AI), such as autonomous driving, Internet of Things, smart healthcare, etc., have raised critical requirements of trustworthy AI to guarantee the privacy and security with reliable…
Distributed learning across a coalition of organizations allows the members of the coalition to train and share a model without sharing the data used to optimize this model. In this paper, we propose new secure architectures that guarantee…
Decentralized crypto-currencies based on the blockchain architecture under-utilize available network bandwidth, making them unable to scale to thousands of transactions per second. We define the Blockclique architecture, that addresses this…
We leverage blockchain technology for drone node authentication in internet of drone things (IoDT). During the authentication procedure, the credentials of drone nodes are examined to remove malicious nodes from the system. In IoDT, drones…
Many researchers have proposed replacing the aggregation server in federated learning with a blockchain system to improve privacy, robustness, and scalability. In this approach, clients would upload their updated models to the blockchain…
In recent years, blockchain oracle, as the key link between blockchain and real-world data interaction, has greatly expanded the application scope of blockchain. In particular, the emergence of the Multi-Data Source (MDS) oracle has greatly…
Federated learning (FL) is an emerging promising privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm and has raised more and more attention from researchers and developers. FL keeps users' private data on devices and exchanges the gradients of…
Sharding scales throughput by splitting blockchain nodes into parallel groups. However, different shards' independent and random scheduling for cross-shard transactions results in numerous conflicts and aborts, since cross-shard…
As an emerging service framework built by combining cryptography, P2P network, consensus mechanism and innovative contract technology, blockchain has been widely used in digital finance, data sharing, message traceability and electronic…
Bitcoin, as well as many of its successors, require the whole transaction record to be reliably acquired by all nodes to prevent double-spending. Recently, many blockchains have been proposed to achieve scale-out throughput by letting nodes…
Blockchain provides decentralization and trustlessness features for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), which expands the application scenarios of IIoT. To address the problem that the blockchain cannot actively obtain off-chain data,…
This paper reviews and highlights how coding schemes have been used to solve various problems in blockchain systems. Specifically, these problems relate to scaling blockchains in terms of their data storage, computation and communication…
Given the increasing complexity of threats in smart cities, the changing environment, and the weakness of traditional security systems, which in most cases fail to detect serious threats such as zero-day attacks, the need for alternative…
In an era of heightened digital interconnectedness, businesses increasingly rely on third-party vendors to enhance their operational capabilities. However, this growing dependency introduces significant security risks, making it crucial to…
The booming Internet of Things (IoT) market has drawn tremendous interest from cyber attackers. The centralized cloud-based IoT service architecture has serious limitations in terms of security, availability, and scalability, and is subject…
For data privacy, system reliability, and security, Blockchain technologies have become more popular in recent years. Despite its usefulness, the blockchain is vulnerable to cyber assaults; for example, in January 2019 a 51% attack on…
As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly integral to critical infrastructure and global operations, the need for a unified, trustworthy governance framework is more urgent that ever. This paper proposes a novel approach…
With the growing need to comply with privacy regulations and respond to user data deletion requests, integrating machine unlearning into IoT-based federated learning has become imperative. Traditional unlearning methods, however, often lack…