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We propose two new methods for multi-document financial question answering. First, a method that uses semantic tagging, and then, queries the index to get the context (RAG_SEM). And second, a Knowledge Graph (KG_RAG) based method that uses…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Shalin Shah , Srikanth Ryali , Ramasubbu Venkatesh

With the development of deep learning technology, large language models have achieved remarkable results in many natural language processing tasks. However, these models still have certain limitations in handling complex reasoning tasks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xiaoxuan Liao , Binrong Zhu , Jacky He , Guiran Liu , Hongye Zheng , Jia Gao

Knowledge graphs (KGs) model facts about the world, they consist of nodes (entities such as companies and people) that are connected by edges (relations such as founderOf). Facts encoded in KGs are frequently used by search applications to…

The ability of generative language models (GLMs) to generate text has improved considerably in the last few years, enabling their use for generative data augmentation. In this work, we propose CONDA, an approach to further improve GLMs'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Dheeraj Mekala , Tu Vu , Timo Schick , Jingbo Shang

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) represent human-crafted factual knowledge in the form of triplets (head, relation, tail), which collectively form a graph. Question Answering over KGs (KGQA) is the task of answering natural questions grounding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Costas Mavromatis , George Karypis

Hallucination, a persistent challenge plaguing language models, undermines their efficacy and trustworthiness in various natural language processing endeavors by generating responses that deviate from factual accuracy or coherence. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Ratnesh Kumar Joshi , Sagnik Sengupta , Asif Ekbal

Commonsense question answering (QA) requires background knowledge which is not explicitly stated in a given context. Prior works use commonsense knowledge graphs (KGs) to obtain this knowledge for reasoning. However, relying entirely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Peifeng Wang , Nanyun Peng , Filip Ilievski , Pedro Szekely , Xiang Ren

Incorporating factual knowledge into pre-trained language models (PLM) such as BERT is an emerging trend in recent NLP studies. However, most of the existing methods combine the external knowledge integration module with a modified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Yinquan Lu , Haonan Lu , Guirong Fu , Qun Liu

We focus on a conversational question answering task which combines the challenges of understanding questions in context and reasoning over evidence gathered from heterogeneous sources like text, knowledge graphs, tables, and infoboxes. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Parag Jain , Mirella Lapata

Answering natural language questions on knowledge graphs (KGQA) remains a great challenge in terms of understanding complex questions via multi-hop reasoning. Previous efforts usually exploit large-scale entity-related text corpora or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Zile Qiao , Wei Ye , Tong Zhang , Tong Mo , Weiping Li , Shikun Zhang

Incorporating multiple knowledge sources is proven to be beneficial for answering complex factoid questions. To utilize multiple knowledge bases (KB), previous works merge all KBs into a single graph via entity alignment and reduce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Minhao Zhang , Yongliang Ma , Yanzeng Li , Ruoyu Zhang , Lei Zou , Ming Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) excel in generating fluent utterances but can lack reliable grounding in verified information. At the same time, knowledge-graph-based fact-checkers deliver precise and interpretable evidence, yet suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Shaghayegh Kolli , Richard Rosenbaum , Timo Cavelius , Lasse Strothe , Andrii Lata , Jana Diesner

With the advent of pretrained language models (LMs), increasing research efforts have been focusing on infusing commonsense and domain-specific knowledge to prepare LMs for downstream tasks. These works attempt to leverage knowledge graphs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Shangbin Feng , Zhaoxuan Tan , Wenqian Zhang , Zhenyu Lei , Yulia Tsvetkov

Question Answering (QA) systems over Knowledge Graphs (KGs) (KGQA) automatically answer natural language questions using triples contained in a KG. The key idea is to represent questions and entities of a KG as low-dimensional embeddings.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Sirui Li , Kok Kai Wong , Dengya Zhu , Chun Che Fung

Long text brings a big challenge to semantic matching due to their complicated semantic and syntactic structures. To tackle the challenge, we consider using prior knowledge to help identify useful information and filter out noise to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-16 Yu Wu , Wei Wu , Zhoujun Li , Ming Zhou

Retrieval of information from graph-structured knowledge bases represents a promising direction for improving the factuality of LLMs. While various solutions have been proposed, a comparison of methods is difficult due to the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Alberto Cattaneo , Carlo Luschi , Daniel Justus

Entity alignment (EA) which links equivalent entities across different knowledge graphs (KGs) plays a crucial role in knowledge fusion. In recent years, graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successfully applied in many embedding-based EA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Feng Xie , Xiang Zeng , Bin Zhou , Yusong Tan

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) simplifies querying vast amounts of knowledge stored in a graph-based model using natural language. However, the research has largely concentrated on English, putting non-English speakers at a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Nikit Srivastava , Mengshi Ma , Daniel Vollmers , Hamada Zahera , Diego Moussallem , Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo

Traditional knowledge graph completion (KGC) methods rely solely on structural information and struggle with sparsity, while Large Language Models (LLMs) address these limitations through rich world knowledge and strong context modeling.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Bo Xue , Yi Xu , Bolei Ma , Yunchong Song , Jiaxin Ding , Luoyi Fu , Xinbing Wang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in a multitude of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, they encounter challenges in practical applications, including issues with hallucinations, inadequate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Yihao Li , Ru Zhang , Jianyi Liu