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Many microswimmers are able to swim through viscous fluids by employing periodic non-reciprocal deformations of their appendages. Here we use a simple microswimmer model inspired by swimming biflagellates which consists of a spherical cell…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-22 Sridhar Bulusu , Andreas Zöttl

Artificial microswimmers are a new technology with promising microfluidics and biomedical applications, such as directed cargo transport, microscale assembly, and targeted drug delivery. A fundamental barrier to realising this potential is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-06-27 Thomas D. Montenegro-Johnson

Many organisms, including various species of spiders and caterpillars, change their shape to switch gaits and adapt to different environments. Recent technological advances, ranging from stretchable circuits to highly deformable soft…

Microrobots show great potential in biomedical applications such as drug delivery and cell manipulations. However, current microrobots are mostly fabricated as a single entity and type and the tasks they can perform are limited. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Liyuan Tan , David J. Cappelleri

We explore the locomotion of soft robots in granular medium (GM) resulting from the elastic deformation of slender rods. A low-cost, rapidly fabricable robot inspired by the physiological structure of bacteria is presented. It consists of a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Yayun Du , Andrew Miller , M. Khalid Jawed

Swimming of microorganisms is studied from a viewpoint of extended objects (strings and membranes) swimming in the incompressible f luid of low Reynolds number. The flagellated motion is analyzed in two dimensional fluid, by using the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Masako Kawamura , Akio Sugamoto , Shin'ichi Nojiri

Aquatic creatures exhibit remarkable adaptations of their body to efficiently interact with the surrounding fluid. The tight coupling between their morphology, motion, and the environment are highly complex but serves as a valuable example…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Nana Obayashi , Andrea Vicari , Kai Junge , Kamran Shakir , Josie Hughes

Adaptive morphogenetic robots adapt their morphology and control policies to meet changing tasks and environmental conditions. Many such systems leverage soft components, which enable shape morphing but also introduce simulation and control…

Microorganism motility often takes place within complex, viscoelastic fluid environments, e.g., sperm in cervicovaginal mucus and bacteria in biofilms. In such complex fluids, strains and stresses generated by the microorganism are stored…

We create a mechanism inspired by bacterial swimmers, featuring two flexible flagella with individual control over rotation speed and direction in viscous fluid environments. Using readily available materials, we design and fabricate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Zhuonan Hao , Siddharth Zalavadia , Mohammad Khalid Jawed

Soft robotics has the potential to revolutionize robotic locomotion, in particular, soft robotic swimmers offer a minimally invasive and adaptive solution to explore and preserve our oceans. Unfortunately, current soft robotic swimmers are…

Evolutionary algorithms offer great promise for the automatic design of robot bodies, tailoring them to specific environments or tasks. Most research is done on simplified models or virtual robots in physics simulators, which do not capture…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Tonnes F. Nygaard , David Howard , Kyrre Glette

We demonstrate with experiments and simulations how microscopic self-propelled particles navigate through environments presenting complex spatial features, which mimic the conditions inside cells, living organisms and future lab-on-a-chip…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-09-22 Giovanni Volpe , Ivo Buttinoni , Dominik Vogt , Hans-Juergen Kuemmerer , Clemens Bechinger

The hydrodynamics of a flagellated microorganism is investigated when swimming close to a planar free-slip surface by means of numerical solu- tions of the Stokes equations obtained via a Boundary Element Method. Depending on the initial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-03-31 Daniela Pimponi , Mauro Chinappi , Paolo Gualtieri , Carlo Massimo Casciola

Research on untethered micro-swimming robots is growing fast owing to their potential impact on minimally invasive medical procedures. Candidate propulsion mechanisms of robots are based on flagellar mechanisms of microorganisms such as…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-10-20 Ahmet Fatih Tabak , Serhat Yesilyurt

True microrobots, in contrast with externally controlled microparticles, must harvest or carry their own source of energy, as well as their own (preferably programmable) microcontroller of actuators for locomotion, using information…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Vineeth K. Bandari , Yeji Lee , Pranathi Adluri , Daniil Karnaushenko , Dmitriy D. Karnaushenko , John S. McCaskill , Oliver G. Schmidt

Microorganisms have evolved diverse strategies to propel in viscous fluids, navigate complex environments, and exhibit taxis in response to stimuli. This has inspired the development of synthetic microrobots, where machine learning (ML) is…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-08-15 Tongzhao Xiong , Zhaorong Liu , Chong Jin Ong , Lailai Zhu

Microelectronic morphogenesis is the creation and maintenance of complex functional structures by microelectronic information within shape-changing materials. Only recently has in-built information technology begun to be used to reshape…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-24 John S. McCaskill , Daniil Karnaushenko , Minshen Zhu , Oliver G. Schmidt

Locomotion and transport of microorganisms in fluids is an essential aspect of life. Search for food, orientation toward light, spreading of off-spring, and the formation of colonies are only possible due to locomotion. Swimming at the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-26 Jens Elgeti , Roland G. Winkler , Gerhard Gompper

The ocean vast unexplored regions and diverse soft-bodied marine organisms have spurred interest in bio-inspired underwater soft robotics. Recent advances have enabled new capabilities in underwater movement, sensing, and interaction.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Lei Li , Boyang Qin , Wenzhuo Gao , Yanyu Li , Yiyuan Zhang , Bo Wang , Shihan Kong , Jian Wang , Dekui He , Junzhi Yu