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Risk-based authentication (RBA) aims to protect users against attacks involving stolen passwords. RBA monitors features during login, and requests re-authentication when feature values widely differ from previously observed ones. It is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Stephan Wiefling , Paul René Jørgensen , Sigurd Thunem , Luigi Lo Iacono

TThis paper argues that \textbf{a comprehensive vulnerability analysis is essential for building trustworthy Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS)}. These systems, which consist of multiple LLM-powered agents working…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Juanhui Li , Shen Dong , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Han Xu , Zhen Xiang , Charu C. Aggarwal , Hui Liu

Recently proposed systems aim at achieving privacy using locality-sensitive hashing. We show how these approaches fail by presenting attacks against two such systems: Google's FLoC proposal for privacy-preserving targeted advertising and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Florian Turati , Carlos Cotrini , Karel Kubicek , David Basin

Risk-based Authentication (RBA) is an adaptive security measure that improves the security of password-based authentication by protecting against credential stuffing, password guessing, or phishing attacks. RBA monitors extra features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Stephan Wiefling , Tanvi Patil , Markus Dürmuth , Luigi Lo Iacono

SQL injection (SQLi) remains a critical vulnerability in web applications, enabling attackers to manipulate databases through malicious inputs. Despite advancements in mitigation techniques, the evolving complexity of web applications and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Sagar Neupane

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the emergence of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to perform complex tasks through collaboration. However, the intricate nature of MAS, including their architecture and agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Liwen Wang , Wenxuan Wang , Shuai Wang , Zongjie Li , Zhenlan Ji , Zongyi Lyu , Daoyuan Wu , Shing-Chi Cheung

Zero Trust Architectures (ZTA) fundamentally redefine network security by adopting a "trust nothing, verify everything" approach that requires identity verification for all access. Conventional discrete access control measures have proven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Sina Ahmadi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as educational agents for automatic short answer grading (ASAG) in real-world educational environments, significantly boosting assessment efficiency and scalability. However, when these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Xueyi Li , Zhuoneng Zhou , Zitao Liu , Yongdong Wu

Wireless local area networks remain vulnerable to attacks initiated during the connection establishment (CE) phase. Current Wi-Fi security protocols fail to fully mitigate attacks like man-in-the-middle, preamble spoofing, and relaying. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Naureen Hoque , Hanif Rahbari

Wireless networks act as the backbone of modern digital connectivity, making them a primary target for cyber adversaries. Rogue Access Point attacks, specifically the Evil Twin variant, enable attackers to clone legitimate wireless network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Kaleb Bacztub , Braden Vester , Matteo Hodge , Liulseged Abate

While machine learning is vulnerable to adversarial examples, it still lacks systematic procedures and tools for evaluating its security in different application contexts. In this article, we discuss how to develop automated and scalable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Luca Demetrio , Battista Biggio , Fabio Roli

The reliability of information in participatory sensing (PS) systems largely depends on the accuracy of the location of the participating users. However, existing PS applications are not able to efficiently validate the position of users in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Francesco Restuccia , Andrea Saracino , Fabio Martinelli

The dependence of power-consumption on the processed data is a known vulnerability of CMOS circuits, resulting in side channels which can be exploited by power-based side channel attacks (SCAs). These attacks can extract sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ali Asghar , Andreas Becher , Daniel Ziener

Microarchitectural attacks compromise security by exploiting software-visible artifacts of microarchitectural optimizations such as caches and speculative execution. Defending against such attacks at the software level requires an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Gideon Mohr , Marco Guarnieri , Jan Reineke

The Location Service (LCS) proposed by the telecommunication industry is an architecture that allows the location of mobile devices to be accessed in various applications. We explore the use of LCS in location-enhanced server…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-17 Der-Yeuan Yu , Aanjhan Ranganathan , Ramya Jayaram Masti , Claudio Soriente , Srdjan Capkun

The popularity of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) has led to increased concerns about Model Stealing Attacks (MSA), which aim to craft a clone model by querying MLaaS. Currently, most research on MSA assumes that MLaaS can provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Xiaojian Yuan , Kejiang Chen , Wen Huang , Jie Zhang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Information security in Process-aware Information System (PAIS) relies on many factors, including security of business process and the underlying system and technologies. Moreover, humans can be the weakest link that creates pathway to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-07-14 Maria Leitner , Zhendong Ma , Stefanie Rinderle-Ma

This letter addresses essential aspects of threat assessment by proposing intent-driven threat models that incorporate both capabilities and intents. We propose a holistic framework for cyber physical awareness (CPA) in space networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Selen Gecgel Cetin , Tolga Ovatman , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

We show that Web and Research Agents (WRAs) -- language-model-based systems that investigate complex topics on the Internet -- are vulnerable to inference attacks by passive network observers. Deployment of WRAs \emph{locally} by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Hyejun Jeong , Mohammadreza Teymoorianfard , Abhinav Kumar , Amir Houmansadr , Eugene Bagdasarian

Linux systems are integral to the infrastructure of modern computing environments, necessitating robust security measures to prevent unauthorized access. Privilege escalation attacks represent a significant threat, typically allowing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Andreas Happe , Jürgen Cito