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Random field and random cluster theory are used to describe certain mathematical results concerning the probability distribution of image pixel intensities characterized as generic $2D$ integer arrays. The size of the smallest bounded…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-27 Robert A. Murphy

We present a method to numerically estimate the densities of a discretely sampled data based on binary space partitioning tree. We start with a root node containing all the particles and then recursively divide each node into two nodes each…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Sanjib Sharma , Matthias Steinmetz

Computer vision techniques have been used to produce accurate and generic crowd count estimators in recent years. Due to severe occlusions, appearance variations, perspective distortions and illumination conditions, crowd counting is a very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-27 Haiyan Yao , Kang Han , Wanggen Wan , Li Hou

The design of a metric between probability distributions is a longstanding problem motivated by numerous applications in Machine Learning. Focusing on continuous probability distributions on the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$, we introduce…

We investigate the problem of density estimation on the unit circle and the unit sphere from a computational perspective. Our primary goal is to develop new density estimators that are both rate-optimal and computationally efficient for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Athanasios G. Georgiadis , Andrew P. Percival

It is of importance to develop statistical techniques to analyze high-dimensional data in the presence of both complex dependence and possible outliers in real-world applications such as imaging data analyses. We propose a new robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-01 Bingyuan Liu , Qi Zhang , Lingzhou Xue , Peter X. K. Song , Jian Kang

Dimensionality reduction (DR) techniques help analysts to understand patterns in high-dimensional spaces. These techniques, often represented by scatter plots, are employed in diverse science domains and facilitate similarity analysis among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wilson E. Marcílio-Jr , Danilo M. Eler , Fernando V. Paulovich , Rafael M. Martins

Repeated-measure designs allow comparisons within a group as well as between groups, and are commonly referred to as split-plot designs. While originating in agricultural experiments, they are now widely used in medical research,…

Computation · Statistics 2025-12-22 Paavo Sattler , Nils Hichert

Many existing 3D semantic segmentation methods, deep learning in computer vision notably, claimed to achieve desired results on urban point clouds. Thus, it is significant to assess these methods quantitatively in diversified real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Maosu Li , Yijie Wu , Anthony G. O. Yeh , Fan Xue

We propose a function-valued evaluation metric for generative models based on the relative density ratio (RDR) designed to characterize distributional differences between real and generated samples. As an evaluation metric, the RDR function…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-29 Yuliang Xu , Yun Wei , Li Ma

We consider distributed estimation of the inverse covariance matrix, also called the concentration or precision matrix, in Gaussian graphical models. Traditional centralized estimation often requires global inference of the covariance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-15 Zhaoshi Meng , Dennis Wei , Ami Wiesel , Alfred O. Hero

This paper proposes the first non-flow-based deep framework for high dynamic range (HDR) imaging of dynamic scenes with large-scale foreground motions. In state-of-the-art deep HDR imaging, input images are first aligned using optical flows…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Shangzhe Wu , Jiarui Xu , Yu-Wing Tai , Chi-Keung Tang

One of the important requirements in image retrieval, indexing, classification, clustering and etc. is extracting efficient features from images. The color feature is one of the most widely used visual features. Use of color histogram is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-01-17 Fatemeh Alamdar , MohammadReza Keyvanpour

Reconstruction of sets from a random sample of points intimately related to them is the goal of set estimation theory. Within this context, a particular problem is the one related with the reconstruction of density level sets and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-06 Paula Saavedra-Nieves , Rosa María Crujeiras

Density level sets are mainly estimated using one of three methodologies: plug-in, excess mass, or a hybrid approach. The plug-in methods are based on replacing the unknown density by some nonparametric estimator, usually the kernel. Thus,…

In this paper we provide a general framework for estimating symmetric properties of distributions from i.i.d. samples. For a broad class of symmetric properties we identify the easy region where empirical estimation works and the difficult…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Moses Charikar , Kirankumar Shiragur , Aaron Sidford

Although recent advances in regional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) enable them to outperform conventional techniques on standard object detection and classification tasks, their response time is still slow for real-time performance.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-03 JT Turner , Kalyan Gupta , Brendan Morris , David W. Aha

Given a random sample from a density function supported on a manifold $M$, a new method for the estimating highest density regions of the underlying population is introduced. The new proposal is based on the empirical version of the opening…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Diego Bolón , Rosa M. Crujeiras , Alberto Rodríguez-Casal

While the problem of estimating a probability density function (pdf) from its observations is classical, the estimation under additional shape constraints is both important and challenging. We introduce an efficient, geometric approach for…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-05 Sutanoy Dasgupta , Debdeep Pati , Ian H. Jermyn , Anuj Srivastava

We develop a new method which measures the projected density distribution w_p(r_p)n of photometric galaxies surrounding a set of spectroscopically-identified galaxies, and simultaneously the projected correlation function w_p(r_p) between…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Wenting Wang , Y. P. Jing , Cheng Li , Teppei Okumura , Jiaxin Han