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We present a new variational framework for dissipative general relativistic fluid dynamics. The model extends the convective variational principle for multi-fluid systems to account for a range of dissipation channels. The key ingredients…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-26 N. Andersson , G. L. Comer

Two fundamental ingredients play a decisive role in the foundation of fluctuation relations: the principle of microreversibility and the fact that thermal equilibrium is described by the Gibbs canonical ensemble. Building on these two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-09-06 Michele Campisi , Peter Hänggi , Peter Talkner

One of the most important goals in quantum thermodynamics is to demonstrate advantages of thermodynamic protocols over their classical counterparts. For that, it is necessary to (i) develop theoretical tools and experimental set-ups to deal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Elisa Bäumer , Matteo Lostaglio , Martí Perarnau-Llobet , Rui Sampaio

We derive detailed and integral quantum fluctuation theorems for heat exchange in a quantum correlated bipartite thermal system using the framework of dynamic Bayesian networks. Contrary to the usual two-projective-measurement scheme that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-11 Kaonan Micadei , Gabriel T. Landi , Eric Lutz

We extend the stochastic energetics to a relativistic system. The thermodynamic laws and equipartition theorem are discussed for a relativistic Brownian particle and the first and the second law of thermodynamics in this formalism are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-24 T. Koide , T. Kodama

I give a self-contained introduction to the resource theory approach to quantum thermodynamics. I will introduce in an elementary manner the technical machinery necessary to unpack and prove the core statements of the theory. The topics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-24 Matteo Lostaglio

Noncommutativity of observables is a central feature of quantum physics. It plays a fundamental role in the formulation of the uncertainty principle for complementary variables and strongly affects the laws of thermodynamics for systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Franklin L. S. Rodrigues , Eric Lutz

Thermodynamic principles are often deceptively simple and yet surprisingly powerful. We show how a simple rule, such as the net flow of energy in and out of a moving atom under nonequilibrium steady state condition, can expose the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-30 Daniel Reiche , Francesco Intravaia , Jen-Tsung Hsiang , Kurt Busch , Bei-Lok Hu

Fluctuation theorems provide universal constraints on nonequilibrium energy and entropy fluctuations, making them a natural framework to assess how and to what extent quantum resources become thermodynamically relevant. We develop a unified…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Sukrut Mondkar , Sayan Mondal , Ujjwal Sen

This Colloquium is a fast journey through the build-up of key thermodynamical concepts, i.e. work, heat and irreversibility -- and how they relate to information. Born at the time of industrial revolution to optimize the exploitation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Alexia Auffèves

Recent results on the stationary state Fluctuation Theorems for work and heat fluctuations of Langevin systems are presented. The relevance of finite time corrections in understanding experimental and simulation results is explained in the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-07-31 E. G. D. Cohen , Ramses van Zon

The theory of quantum thermodynamics investigates how the concepts of heat, work, and temperature can be carried over to the quantum realm, where fluctuations and randomness are fundamentally unavoidable. Of particular practical relevance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-23 Patrick P. Potts

Thermodynamics is based on a coarse-grained approach, from which its fundamental variables emerge, effectively erasing the complicate details of the microscopic dynamics within a macroscopic system. The strength of Thermodynamics lies in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Gabriel Fernandez Ferrari , Łukasz Rudnicki , Lucas Chibebe Céleri

Fluctuations of thermodynamic observables, such as heat and work, contain relevant information on the underlying physical process. These fluctuations are however not taken into account in the traditional laws of thermodynamics. While the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Timo Kerremans , Peter Samuelsson , Patrick P. Potts

Traditional thermodynamics governs the behaviour of large systems that evolve between states of thermal equilibrium. For these large systems, the mean values of thermodynamic quantities (such as work, heat and entropy) provide a good…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-01 Andrew J. P. Garner

All previously derived thermodynamic fluctuation theorems (FTs) that concern multiple co-evolving systems have required that each system can only change its state during an associated pre-fixed, limited set of time intervals. However, in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-16 David H. Wolpert

We discuss a method by which quantum fluctuations can be included in microscopic transport models based on wave packets that are not energy eigenstates. By including the next-to-leading order term in the cumulant expansion of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 A. Ohnishi , J. Randrup

The postulational basis of classical thermodynamics has been expanded to incorporate equilibrium fluctuations. The main additional elements of the proposed thermodynamic theory are the concept of quasi-equilibrium states, a definition of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-06-11 Y. Mishin

The strength of fluctuations, as measured by their variance, is paramount in the quantitative description of a large class of physical systems, ranging from simple and complex liquids to active fluids and solids. Fluctuations originate from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-21 Sophie Hermann , Matthias Schmidt

Markovian quantum master equations (MQMEs) were established nearly half a century ago. They have often been used in the study of irreversible thermodynamics. However, the previous results were mainly concerned about ensemble averages; the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-02-26 Fei Liu