English
Related papers

Related papers: Non-Vacuous Generalization Bounds for Large Langua…

200 papers

Despite their outstanding performance, large language models (LLMs) suffer notorious flaws related to their preference for simple, surface-level textual relations over full semantic complexity of the problem. This proposal investigates a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Michal Štefánik

As large language models (LLMs) continue to be deployed and utilized across domains, the volume of LLM-generated data is growing rapidly. This trend highlights the increasing importance of effective and lossless compression for such data in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yu Mao , Holger Pirk , Chun Jason Xue

Despite the increasing prevalence of large language models (LLMs), we still have a limited understanding of how their representational spaces are structured. This limits our ability to interpret how and what they learn or relate them to…

Deep learning methods are known to generalize well from training to future data, even in an overparametrized regime, where they could easily overfit. One explanation for this phenomenon is that even when their *ambient dimensionality*,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Hossein Zakerinia , Dorsa Ghobadi , Christoph H. Lampert

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess a theoretical capability to model information density far beyond the limits of classical statistical methods (e.g., Lempel-Ziv). However, utilizing this capability for lossless compression involves…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Marcus Armstrong , ZiWei Qiu , Huy Q. Vo , Arjun Mukherjee

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a class of deep learning models adept at understanding natural language and generating coherent responses to various prompts or queries. These models far exceed the complexity of conventional neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Minghao Shao , Abdul Basit , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique

One of the fundamental challenges in the deep learning community is to theoretically understand how well a deep neural network generalizes to unseen data. However, current approaches often yield generalization bounds that are either too…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Chengli Tan , Jiangshe Zhang , Junmin Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized many areas of artificial intelligence (AI), but their substantial resource requirements limit their deployment on mobile and edge devices. This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sanjay Surendranath Girija , Shashank Kapoor , Lakshit Arora , Dipen Pradhan , Aman Raj , Ankit Shetgaonkar

We observe that pre-trained large language models (LLMs) are capable of autoregressively completing complex token sequences -- from arbitrary ones procedurally generated by probabilistic context-free grammars (PCFG), to more rich spatial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Suvir Mirchandani , Fei Xia , Pete Florence , Brian Ichter , Danny Driess , Montserrat Gonzalez Arenas , Kanishka Rao , Dorsa Sadigh , Andy Zeng

Recent advancements in deep learning have driven significant progress in lossless image compression. With the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), preliminary attempts have been made to leverage the extensive prior knowledge embedded…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Junhao Du , Chuqin Zhou , Ning Cao , Gang Chen , Yunuo Chen , Zhengxue Cheng , Li Song , Guo Lu , Wenjun Zhang

Multilingual language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities to transfer knowledge across languages, despite being trained without explicit cross-lingual supervision. We analyze the parameter spaces of three MLLMs to study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Frederick Riemenschneider , Anette Frank

We study in this paper lower bounds for the generalization error of models derived from multi-layer neural networks, in the regime where the size of the layers is commensurate with the number of samples in the training data. We show that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-08 Inbar Seroussi , Ofer Zeitouni

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful linguistic engines but remain susceptible to hallucinations: plausible-sounding outputs that are factually incorrect or unsupported. In this work, we present a mathematically grounded framework to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Moses Kiprono

The ability of machine learning (ML) algorithms to generalize well to unseen data has been studied through the lens of information theory, by bounding the generalization error with the input-output mutual information (MI), i.e., the MI…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-07 Kimia Nadjahi , Kristjan Greenewald , Rickard Brüel Gabrielsson , Justin Solomon

Although large language models (LLMs) store vast amount of knowledge in their parameters, they still have limitations in the memorization and utilization of certain knowledge, leading to undesired behaviors such as generating untruthful and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Moxin Li , Yong Zhao , Wenxuan Zhang , Shuaiyi Li , Wenya Xie , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua , Yang Deng

We introduce compression laws for language language models (LLMs). While recent scaling laws have sought to understand how LLMs scale with respect to model size, pre-training data, and computational resources, we focus on understanding how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ayan Sengupta , Siddhant Chaudhary , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit powerful summarization abilities. However, their capabilities on conversational summarization remains under explored. In this work we evaluate LLMs (approx. 10 billion parameters) on conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Ramesh Manuvinakurike , Saurav Sahay , Sangeeta Manepalli , Lama Nachman

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, yet their substantial model sizes often require substantial computational resources. To preserve computing resources and accelerate inference speed, it is crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yirao Zhao , Guizhen Chen , Kenji Kawaguchi , Lidong Bing , Wenxuan Zhang

Compositional generalization is the ability of a model to generalize to complex, previously unseen types of combinations of entities from just having seen the primitives. This type of generalization is particularly relevant to the semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Amogh Mannekote

Deep neural networks often contain far more parameters than training examples, yet they still manage to generalize well in practice. Classical complexity measures such as VC-dimension or PAC-Bayes bounds usually become vacuous in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Aviral Dhingra