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We describe a quantum algorithm for preparing states that encode solutions of non-homogeneous linear partial differential equations. The algorithm is a continuous-variable version of matrix inversion: it efficiently inverts differential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-11 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Timjan Kalajdzievski , Christian Weedbrook , Seth Lloyd

The determination of the ground and low-lying excited states is critical in many studies of quantum chemistry and condensed-matter physics. Recent theoretical work proposes a variational quantum eigensolver using ancillary qubits to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Huili Zhang , Yibin Guo , Guanglei Xu , Yulong Feng , Jingning Zhang , Hai-feng Yu , S. P. Zhao

We design two variational algorithms to optimize specific 2-local Hamiltonians defined on graphs. Our algorithms are inspired by the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm. We develop formulae to analyze the energy achieved by these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-20 Kunal Marwaha , Adrian She , James Sud

The semi-random graph process is an adaptive random graph process in which an online algorithm is initially presented an empty graph on $n$ vertices. In each round, a vertex $u$ is presented to the algorithm independently and uniformly at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Alan Frieze , Pu Gao , Calum MacRury , Paweł Prałat , Gregory Sorkin

Sampling from a probability distribution is a core task in many quantum and classical algorithms. Variational quantum circuits provide a natural approach to generating such distributions, as measurement outcomes directly define the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Ronit Raj , Kshitij Durge , Manish Mallapur , Rohit Taeja Kumar , Ankur Raina

We analyse the design and optimisation of quantum logic circuits suitable for the experimental demonstration of a three-qubit quantum computation prototype based on optically-controlled, solid-state quantum logic gates. In these gates, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-12 A. Del Duce , S. Savory , P. Bayvel

We present efficient circuits that can be used for the phase space tomography of quantum states. The circuits evaluate individual values or selected averages of the Wigner, Kirkwood and Husimi distributions. These quantum gate arrays can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Juan Pablo Paz , Augusto J. Roncaglia , Marcos Saraceno

Variational quantum algorithms involve training parameterized quantum circuits using a classical co-processor. An important variational algorithm, designed for combinatorial optimization, is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm.…

Variational quantum algorithms are of special importance in the research on quantum computing applications because of their applicability to current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. The main building blocks of these…

Quantum algorithms based on the variational principle have found applications in diverse areas with a huge flexibility. But as the circuit size increases the variational landscapes become flattened, causing the so-called Barren plateau…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Fabio Tarocco , Davide Materia , Leonardo Ratini , Leonardo Guidoni

A local and distributive algorithm is proposed to find an optimal trial wave-function minimizing the Hamiltonian expectation in a quantum system. To this end, the quantum state of the system is connected to the Gibbs state of a classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 A. Ramezanpour

The variational quantum eigensolver is one of the most promising algorithms for near-term quantum computers. It has the potential to solve quantum chemistry problems involving strongly correlated electrons, which are otherwise difficult to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-18 Luogen Xu , James K. Freericks

Classical algorithms for predicting the equilibrium geometry of strongly correlated molecules require expensive wave function methods that become impractical already for few-atom systems. In this work, we introduce a variational quantum…

A common requirement of quantum simulations and algorithms is the preparation of complex states through sequences of 2-qubit gates. For a generic quantum state, the number of gates grows exponentially with the number of qubits, becoming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Matan Ben Dov , David Shnaiderov , Adi Makmal , Emanuele G. Dalla Torre

We present two quantum algorithms based on evolution randomization, a simple variant of adiabatic quantum computing, to prepare a quantum state $\vert x \rangle$ that is proportional to the solution of the system of linear equations $A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Yigit Subasi , Rolando D. Somma , Davide Orsucci

Electronic ground states are of central importance in chemical simulations, but have remained beyond the reach of efficient classical algorithms except in cases of weak electron correlation or one-dimensional spatial geometry. We introduce…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Oskar Leimkuhler , K. Birgitta Whaley

We simulate a long-range extended Ising model in one dimension using a hybrid quantum algorithm, namely Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE). In this quantum simulation, we investigate how quantum resources scale with system size and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Tanya Keshari , Debasis Sadhukhan

Variational quantum algorithms are the leading candidate for advantage on near-term quantum hardware. When training a parametrized quantum circuit in this setting to solve a specific problem, the choice of ansatz is one of the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-25 Andrea Skolik , Michele Cattelan , Sheir Yarkoni , Thomas Bäck , Vedran Dunjko

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) face an inherent trade-off between expressivity and trainability: deeper circuits can represent richer states but suffer from noise accumulation and barren plateaus, while shallow circuits remain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Shaojun Wu , Shan Jin , Abolfazl Bayat , Xiaoting Wang

Reliable preparation of many-body ground states is an essential task in quantum computing, with applications spanning areas from chemistry and materials modeling to quantum optimization and benchmarking. A variety of approaches have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-09 Ricard Puig , Berta Casas , Alba Cervera-Lierta , Zoë Holmes , Adrián Pérez-Salinas