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LOFAR, the LOw-Frequency ARray, is a new-generation radio interferometer constructed in the north of the Netherlands and across europe. Utilizing a novel phased-array design, LOFAR covers the largely unexplored low-frequency range from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 M. P. van Haarlem , M. W. Wise , A. W. Gunst , G. Heald , J. P. McKean , J. W. T. Hessels , A. G. de Bruyn , R. Nijboer , J. Swinbank , R. Fallows , M. Brentjens , A. Nelles , R. Beck , H. Falcke , R. Fender , J. Hörandel , L. V. E. Koopmans , G. Mann , G. Miley , H. Röttgering , B. W. Stappers , R. A. M. J. Wijers , S. Zaroubi , M. van den Akker , A. Alexov , J. Anderson , K. Anderson , A. van Ardenne , M. Arts , A. Asgekar , I. M. Avruch , F. Batejat , L. Bähren , M. E. Bell , M. R. Bell , I. van Bemmel , P. Bennema , M. J. Bentum , G. Bernardi , P. Best , L. Bîrzan , A. Bonafede , A. -J. Boonstra , R. Braun , J. Bregman , F. Breitling , R. H. van de Brink , J. Broderick , P. C. Broekema , W. N. Brouw , M. Brüggen , H. R. Butcher , W. van Cappellen , B. Ciardi , T. Coenen , J. Conway , A. Coolen , A. Corstanje , S. Damstra , O. Davies , A. T. Deller , R. -J. Dettmar , G. van Diepen , K. Dijkstra , P. Donker , A. Doorduin , J. Dromer , M. Drost , A. van Duin , J. Eislöffel , J. van Enst , C. Ferrari , W. Frieswijk , H. Gankema , M. A. Garrett , F. de Gasperin , M. Gerbers , E. de Geus , J. -M. Grießmeier , T. Grit , P. Gruppen , J. P. Hamaker , T. Hassall , M. Hoeft , H. Holties , A. Horneffer , A. van der Horst , A. van Houwelingen , A. Huijgen , M. Iacobelli , H. Intema , N. Jackson , V. Jelic , A. de Jong , E. Juette , D. Kant , A. Karastergiou , A. Koers , H. Kollen , V. I. Kondratiev , E. Kooistra , Y. Koopman , A. Koster , M. Kuniyoshi , M. Kramer , G. Kuper , P. Lambropoulos , C. Law , J. van Leeuwen , J. Lemaitre , M. Loose , P. Maat , G. Macario , S. Markoff , J. Masters , D. McKay-Bukowski , H. Meijering , H. Meulman , M. Mevius , E. Middelberg , R. Millenaar , J. C. A. Miller-Jones , R. N. Mohan , J. D. Mol , J. Morawietz , R. Morganti , D. D. Mulcahy , E. Mulder , H. Munk , L. Nieuwenhuis , R. van Nieuwpoort , J. E. Noordam , M. Norden , A. Noutsos , A. R. Offringa , H. Olofsson , A. Omar , E. Orrú , R. Overeem , H. Paas , M. Pandey-Pommier , V. N. Pandey , R. Pizzo , A. Polatidis , D. Rafferty , S. Rawlings , W. Reich , J. -P. de Reijer , J. Reitsma , A. Renting , P. Riemers , E. Rol , J. W. Romein , J. Roosjen , M. Ruiter , A. Scaife , K. van der Schaaf , B. Scheers , P. Schellart , A. Schoenmakers , G. Schoonderbeek , M. Serylak , A. Shulevski , J. Sluman , O. Smirnov , C. Sobey , H. Spreeuw , M. Steinmetz , C. G. M. Sterks , H. -J. Stiepel , K. Stuurwold , M. Tagger , Y. Tang , C. Tasse , I. Thomas , S. Thoudam , M. C. Toribio , B. van der Tol , O. Usov , M. van Veelen , A. -J. van der Veen , S. ter Veen , J. P. W. Verbiest , R. Vermeulen , N. Vermaas , C. Vocks , C. Vogt , M. de Vos , E. van der Wal , R. van Weeren , H. Weggemans , P. Weltevrede , S. White , S. J. Wijnholds , T. Wilhelmsson , O. Wucknitz , S. Yatawatta , P. Zarka , A. Zensus , J. van Zwieten

The LOw Frequency ARray - LOFAR - is a new radio interferometer designed with emphasis on flexible digital hardware instead of mechanical solutions. The array elements, so-called stations, are located in the Netherlands and in neighbouring…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Maciej Serylak , Aris Karastergiou , Chris Williams , Wesley Armour , Michael Giles , the LOFAR Pulsar Working Group

Radio interferometers are phased arrays producing high-resolution images from the covariance matrix of measurements. Calibration of such instruments is necessary and is a critical task. This is how the estimation of instrumental errors is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-26 Yassine Mhiri , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Arnaud Breloy , Pascal Larzabal

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) of the European Space Agency (ESA) will be the first low-frequency gravitational-wave observatory orbiting the Sun at 1 AU. The LISA Pathfinder (LPF) mission, aiming at testing of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-27 A. Cesarini , C. Grimani , S. Benella , M. Fabi , F. Sabbatini , M. Villani , D. Telloni

LOFAR, the Low Frequency Array, is a large radio telescope consisting about 100 soccer field sized antenna stations spread over a region of 400 km in diameter. It will operate in the frequency range from ~10 to 240 MHz, with a resolution at…

Detection and mitigation of radio frequency interference (RFI) is the first and also the key step for data processing in radio observations, especially for ongoing low frequency radio experiments towards the detection of the cosmic dawn and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-02 Yan Huang , Xiang-Ping Wu , Qian Zheng , Jun-Hua Gu , Haiguang Xu

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna is a foreseen gravitational wave detector, which aims to detect $10^{-20}$ strains in the frequency range from 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz. It is a triangular constellation, with equal sides of $2,5 \times 10^9$…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 C P Sasso , G Mana , S Mottini

The Tianlai Cylinder Pathfinder is a radio interferometer array designed to test techniques for 21 cm intensity mapping in the post-reionization Universe, with the ultimate aim of mapping the large scale structure and measuring cosmological…

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems exploit the spatial diversity achieved with an array of many antennas to perform spatial multiplexing of many users. Similar performance can be achieved using fewer antennas if movable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-07 Amna Irshad , Alva Kosasih , Vitaly Petrov , Emil Björnson

In the past two decades, a rebirth of interest in low-frequency radio astronomy for 21 cm tomography of the Epoch of Reionization, has given rise to a new class of radio interferometers with $N \gg 100$ antennas. The availability of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-11 Deepthi Gorthi

The radio astronomy group in the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) has been carrying out routine observations of radio emission from the solar corona at low frequencies (${\approx}$40-440MHz) at the Gauribidanur observatory, about…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-16 G. V. S. Gireesh , C. Kathiravan , Indrajit V. Barve , R. Ramesh

Multi-mode antennas are an alternative to classical antenna arrays, and hence a promising emerging sensor technology for a vast variety of applications in the areas of array signal processing and digital communications. An unsolved problem…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-30 Sami Alkubti Almasri , Robert Pöhlmann , Niklas Doose , Peter A. Hoeher , Armin Dammann

We report here on initial results from the Thousand Pulsar Array (TPA) programme, part of the Large Survey Project "MeerTime" on the MeerKAT telescope. The interferometer is used in tied-array mode in the band from 856 to 1712~MHz, and the…

Inter satellite laser interferometry is a central component of future space-borne gravity instruments like LISA, eLISA, NGO and future geodesy missions. The inherently small laser wavelength allows to measure distance variations with…

The Very Small Array (VSA) is a fourteen-element interferometer designed to study the cosmic microwave background on angular scales of 2.4 to 0.2 degrees (angular multipoles l = 150 to 1800). It operates at frequencies between 26 and 36…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-13 Angela C. Taylor

LWA1 is a new radio telescope operating in the frequency range 10-88 MHz, located in central New Mexico. The telescope consists of 258 pairs of dipole-type antennas whose outputs are individually digitized and formed into beams.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 S. W. Ellingson , G. B. Taylor , J. Craig , J. Hartman , J. Dowell , C. N. Wolfe , T. E. Clarke , B. C. Hicks , N. E. Kassim , P. S. Ray , L. J. Rickard , F. K. Schinzel , K. W. Weiler

MAIA, an acronym for Mercator Advanced Imager for Asteroseismology, is a three-channel instrument that targets fast-cadence three-colour photometry, installed at the 1.2-m Mercator telescope at the Roque de los Muchachos at La Palma (Canary…

The Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA) is a proposed gravitational-wave project aiming to take full advantage of the Moon's environment to access the deci-Hz band and detect intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) binaries of mass $\sim…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-13 Tintin Nguyen , Anjali Yelikar , Ryan Nowicki , Karan Jani , Angelo Ricarte

In order to meet the theoretically achievable imaging performance, calibration of modern radio interferometers is a mandatory challenge, especially at low frequencies. In this perspective, we propose a novel parallel iterative…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-09 Martin Brossard , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Marius Pesavento , Rémy Boyer , Pascal Larzabal , Stefan J. Wijnholds