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Missing data in time series is a pervasive problem that puts obstacles in the way of advanced analysis. A popular solution is imputation, where the fundamental challenge is to determine what values should be filled in. This paper proposes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Wenjie Du , David Cote , Yan Liu

Addressing missing data in complex datasets including electronic health records (EHR) is critical for ensuring accurate analysis and decision-making in healthcare. This paper proposes dynamically adaptable structural equation modeling (SEM)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Ou Deng , Qun Jin

The imputation of missing values in time series has many applications in healthcare and finance. While autoregressive models are natural candidates for time series imputation, score-based diffusion models have recently outperformed existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Yusuke Tashiro , Jiaming Song , Yang Song , Stefano Ermon

Analyzing the health status of patients based on Electronic Health Records (EHR) is a fundamental research problem in medical informatics. The presence of extensive missing values in EHR makes it challenging for deep neural networks (DNNs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Weibin Liao , Yinghao Zhu , Zhongji Zhang , Yuhang Wang , Zixiang Wang , Xu Chu , Yasha Wang , Liantao Ma

Missingness is ubiquitous in multivariate time series and poses an obstacle to reliable downstream analysis. Although recurrent network imputation achieved the SOTA, existing models do not scale to deep architectures that can potentially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Linglong Qian , Zina Ibrahim , Richard Dobson

Medical time series datasets feature missing values that need data imputation methods, however, conventional machine learning models fall short due to a lack of uncertainty quantification in predictions. Among these models, the CATSI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Omkar Kulkarni , Rohitash Chandra

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) contain rich, longitudinal patient information across structured (e.g., labs, vitals, and imaging) and unstructured (e.g., clinical notes) modalities. While deep learning models such as RNNs and Transformers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Mohammad Al Olaimat , Shaika Chowdhury , Serdar Bozdag

Missing data is a major challenge in clinical research. In electronic medical records, often a large fraction of the values in laboratory tests and vital signs are missing. The missingness can lead to biased estimates and limit our ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Omer Noy , Ron Shamir

This study investigates the impact of masking strategies on time series imputation models in healthcare settings. While current approaches predominantly rely on random masking for model evaluation, this practice fails to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Linglong Qian , Yiyuan Yang , Wenjie Du , Jun Wang , Richard Dobsoni , Zina Ibrahim

Missing data in time-series analysis poses significant challenges, affecting the reliability of downstream applications. Imputation, the process of estimating missing values, has emerged as a key solution. This paper introduces BRATI, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Armando Collado-Villaverde , Pablo Muñoz , Maria D. R-Moreno

Missing data is a common problem in real-world settings and particularly relevant in healthcare applications where researchers use Electronic Health Records (EHR) and results of observational studies to apply analytics methods. This issue…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-04 Dimitris Bertsimas , Agni Orfanoudaki , Colin Pawlowski

Missing values in multivariate time series data can harm machine learning performance and introduce bias. These gaps arise from sensor malfunctions, blackouts, and human error and are typically addressed by data imputation. Previous work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mohammad Rafid Ul Islam , Prasad Tadepalli , Alan Fern

In real-world clinical settings, traditional deep learning-based classification methods struggle with diagnosing newly introduced disease types because they require samples from all disease classes for offline training. Class incremental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Sana Ayromlou , Teresa Tsang , Purang Abolmaesumi , Xiaoxiao Li

A clustered adaptive intervention (cAI) is a pre-specified sequence of decision rules that guides practitioners on how best - and based on which measures - to tailor cluster-level intervention to improve outcomes at the level of individuals…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-05 Yao Song , Kelly Speth , Amy Kilbourne , Andrew Quanbeck , Daniel Almirall , Lu Wang

We present a comprehensive analysis of deep learning approaches for Electronic Health Record (EHR) time-series imputation, examining how architectural and framework biases combine to influence model performance. Our investigation reveals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Linglong Qian , Tao Wang , Jun Wang , Hugh Logan Ellis , Robin Mitra , Richard Dobson , Zina Ibrahim

We propose Self-Supervised Implicit Attention (SSIA), a new approach that adaptively guides deep neural network models to gain attention by exploiting the properties of the models themselves. SSIA is a novel attention mechanism that does…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Jinyi Wu , Xun Gong , Zhemin Zhang

Many real-world applications involve multivariate, geo-tagged time series data: at each location, multiple sensors record corresponding measurements. For example, air quality monitoring system records PM2.5, CO, etc. The resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Jiawei Ma , Zheng Shou , Alireza Zareian , Hassan Mansour , Anthony Vetro , Shih-Fu Chang

In high-stakes domains, such as healthcare and industry, the explainability of AI-based decision-making has become crucial. Without insight into model reasoning, the reliability of these models cannot be ensured. Applications often rely on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Annemarie Jutte , Faizan Ahmed , Jeroen Linssen , Maurice van Keulen

Electronic health records (EHR) consist of longitudinal clinical observations portrayed with sparsity, irregularity, and high-dimensionality, which become major obstacles in drawing reliable downstream clinical outcomes. Although there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Ahmad Wisnu Mulyadi , Eunji Jun , Heung-Il Suk

Self-attention mechanisms have achieved great success on a variety of NLP tasks due to its flexibility of capturing dependency between arbitrary positions in a sequence. For problems such as query-based summarization (Qsumm) and knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Yujia Xie , Tianyi Zhou , Yi Mao , Weizhu Chen
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