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Sequential probability assignment and universal compression go hand in hand. We propose sequential probability assignment for non-binary (and large alphabet) sequences with empirical distributions whose parameters are known to be bounded…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Michael Drmota , Gil Shamir , Wojciech Szpankowski

In machine learning, uncertainty quantification helps assess the reliability of model predictions, which is important in high-stakes scenarios. Traditional approaches often emphasize predictive accuracy, but there is a growing focus on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-30 Jake S. Rhodes , Scott D. Brown , J. Riley Wilkinson

Conformal prediction is a simple and powerful tool that can quantify uncertainty without any distributional assumptions. Many existing methods only address the average coverage guarantee, which is not ideal compared to the stronger…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-21 Xing Han , Ziyang Tang , Joydeep Ghosh , Qiang Liu

It is shown that a normalisable probability density can be defined for the entire complex plane in the modified de Broglie-Bohm quantum mechanics, which gives complex quantum trajectories. This work is in continuation of a previous one that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-19 Moncy V. John

We introduce probability estimation, a broadly applicable framework to certify randomness in a finite sequence of measurement results without assuming that these results are independent and identically distributed. Probability estimation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-30 Yanbao Zhang , Emanuel Knill , Peter Bierhorst

This expository paper provides a unified and pedagogical introduction to optimal quantization for probability measures supported on spherical curves and discrete subsets of the sphere, emphasizing both continuous and discrete settings. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-25 Mrinal Kanti Roychowdhury

Coherence is a defining property of quantum theory that accounts for quantum advantage in many quantum information tasks. Although many coherence quantifiers have been introduced in various contexts, the lack of efficient methods to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-02 Sun Liang Liang , Yu Sixia

In this paper, we give a general formula to determine the quantization coefficients for uniform distributions defined on the boundaries of different regular $m$-sided polygons inscribed in a circle. The result shows that the quantization…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-02-22 Joel Hansen , Itzamar Marquez , Mrinal K. Roychowdhury , Eduardo Torres

Tight bounds for several symmetric divergence measures are derived in terms of the total variation distance. It is shown that each of these bounds is attained by a pair of 2 or 3-element probability distributions. An application of these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Igal Sason

A probability distribution over the Boolean cube is monotone if flipping the value of a coordinate from zero to one can only increase the probability of an element. Given samples of an unknown monotone distribution over the Boolean cube, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Ronitt Rubinfeld , Arsen Vasilyan

Cut-set bounds on achievable rates for network communication protocols are not in general tight. In this paper we introduce a new technique for proving converses for the problem of transmission of correlated sources in networks, that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-05-31 Amin Aminzadeh Gohari , Shenghao Yang , Sidharth Jaggi

The Landau-Pollak uncertainty relation treats a pair of rank one projection valued measures and imposes a restriction on their probability distributions. It gives a nontrivial bound for summation of their maximum values. We give a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-30 Takayuki Miyadera , Hideki Imai

A kernelization is an efficient algorithm that given an instance of a parameterized problem returns an equivalent instance of size bounded by some function of the input parameter value. It is quite well understood which problems do or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Leonid Antipov , Stefan Kratsch

In this paper, we address the probabilistic error quantification of a general class of prediction methods. We consider a given prediction model and show how to obtain, through a sample-based approach, a probabilistic upper bound on the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-07 Victor Mirasierra , Martina Mammarella , Fabrizio Dabbene , Teodoro Alamo

How to achieve an arbitrary real-valued probability amplitude in the general single-partite or multipartite quantum system without measuring any other quantum state's probability amplitude? How to achieve an arbitrary real-valued…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-01 Xu Guanlei

The parameterized entanglement monotone, the $q$-concurrence, is also a reasonable parameterized entanglement measure. By exploring the properties of the $q$-concurrence with respect to the positive partial transposition and realignment of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-17 Zhi-Wei Wei , Ming-Xing Luo , Shao-Ming Fei

We consider the problem of unambiguous (error-free) discrimination of N linearly independent pure quantum states with prior probabilities, where the goal is to find a measurement that maximizes the average probability of success. We derive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Somshubhro Bandyopadhyay

Ensembles of random density matrices determined by various probability measures are analysed. A simple and efficient algorithm to generate at random density matrices distributed according to the Bures measure is proposed. This procedure may…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-03-31 Vladimir Al. Osipov , Hans-Juergen Sommers , Karol Zyczkowski

We give a simple development of the concentration properties of compound Poisson measures on the nonnegative integers. A new modification of the Herbst argument is applied to an appropriate modified logarithmic-Sobolev inequality to derive…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-05-07 I. Kontoyiannis , M. Madiman

We examine a generalization of the binomial distribution associated with a strictly increasing sequence of numbers and we prove its Poisson-like limit. Such generalizations might be found in quantum optics with imperfect detection. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 E. M. F. Curado , J. P. Gazeau , Ligia M. C. S. Rodrigues