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Investigating the code fragments of code clones detected by code clone detection tools is a time-consuming task, especially when a large number of reference source files are available. This paper proposes (i) a method for clustering a clone…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Daisuke Nishioka , Toshihiro Kamiya

Pre-trained models for programming language have achieved dramatic empirical improvements on a variety of code-related tasks such as code search, code completion, code summarization, etc. However, existing pre-trained models regard a code…

Understanding the functional (dis)-similarity of source code is significant for code modeling tasks such as software vulnerability and code clone detection. We present DISCO(DIS-similarity of COde), a novel self-supervised model focusing on…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yangruibo Ding , Luca Buratti , Saurabh Pujar , Alessandro Morari , Baishakhi Ray , Saikat Chakraborty

This study aims to assess the performance of two advanced Large Language Models (LLMs), GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, in the task of code clone detection. The evaluation involves testing the models on a variety of code pairs of different clone types…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Zixian Zhang , Takfarinas Saber

Large language models have catalyzed an unprecedented wave in code generation. While achieving significant advances, they blur the distinctions between machine- and human-authored source code, causing integrity and authenticity issues of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Yuling Shi , Hongyu Zhang , Chengcheng Wan , Xiaodong Gu

Machine learning models that take computer program source code as input typically use Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. However, a major challenge is that code is written using an open, rapidly changing vocabulary due to, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Milan Cvitkovic , Badal Singh , Anima Anandkumar

Distribution shift has been a longstanding challenge for the reliable deployment of deep learning (DL) models due to unexpected accuracy degradation. Although DL has been becoming a driving force for large-scale source code analysis in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Qiang Hu , Yuejun Guo , Xiaofei Xie , Maxime Cordy , Lei Ma , Mike Papadakis , Yves Le Traon

Copy & paste is a widespread practice when developing software and, thus, duplicated and subsequently modified code occurs frequently in software projects. Since such code clones, i.e., identical or similar fragments of code, can bloat…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Thomas S. Heinze , André Schäfer , Wolfram Amme

This paper presents a new approach for code similarity on High Level programs. Our technique is based on Fast Dynamic Time Warping, that builds a warp path or points relation with local restrictions. The source code is represented into Time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2007-10-31 M. Miron Bernal , H. Coyote Estrada , J. Figueroa Nazuno

Code clone is a serious problem in software and has the potential to software defects, maintenance overhead, and licensing violations. Therefore, clone detection is important for reducing maintenance effort and improving code quality during…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Min Fu , Gang Luo , Xi Zheng , Tianyi Zhang , Dongjin Yu , Miryung Kim

While much of the current research in deep learning-based vulnerability detection relies on disassembled binaries, this paper explores the feasibility of extracting features directly from raw x86-64 machine code. Although assembly language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Mitchell Petingola

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various software engineering tasks, such as code generation and debugging, because of their ability to translate between programming languages and natural languages.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Wenqing Zhu , Norihiro Yoshida , Eunjong Choi , Yutaka Matsubara , Hiroaki Takada

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in stand-alone code tasks like HumanEval and MBPP, but struggle with handling entire code repositories. This challenge has prompted research on enhancing LLM-codebase interaction at a repository scale.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Xiangyan Liu , Bo Lan , Zhiyuan Hu , Yang Liu , Zhicheng Zhang , Fei Wang , Michael Shieh , Wenmeng Zhou

Understanding and navigating large-scale codebases remains a significant challenge in software engineering. Existing methods often treat code as flat text or focus primarily on local structural relationships, limiting their ability to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 David Sounthiraraj , Jared Hancock , Yassin Kortam , Ashok Javvaji , Prabhat Singh , Shaila Shankar

Clone-and-own approach is a natural way of source code reuse for software developers. To assess how known bugs and security vulnerabilities of a cloned component affect an application, developers and security analysts need to identify an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-04-28 Takashi Ishio , Yusuke Sakaguchi , Kaoru Ito , Katsuro Inoue

Despite a decade of active research, there is a marked lack in clone detectors that scale to very large repositories of source code, in particular for detecting near-miss clones where significant editing activities may take place in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Hitesh Sajnani , Vaibhav Saini , Jeffrey Svajlenko , Chanchal K. Roy , Cristina V. Lopes

Binary Code Similarity Detection (BCSD) is not only essential for security tasks such as vulnerability identification but also for code copying detection, yet it remains challenging due to binary stripping and diverse compilation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Li Zhou , Marc Dacier , Charalambos Konstantinou

Code clones are similar code fragments that often arise from copy-and-paste programming. Neural networks can classify pairs of code fragments as clone/not-clone with high accuracy. However, finding clones in industrial-scale code needs a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Gul Aftab Ahmed , Muslim Chochlov , Abdul Razzaq , James Vincent Patten , Yuanhua Han , Guoxian Lu , Jim Buckley , David Gregg

Code summarization is a critical task in natural language processing and software engineering, which aims to generate concise descriptions of source code. Recent advancements have improved the quality of these summaries, enhancing code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Vladimir Makharev , Vladimir Ivanov

Utilizing large language models to generate codes has shown promising meaning in software development revolution. Despite the intelligence shown by the large language models, their specificity in code generation can still be improved due to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Kounianhua Du , Jizheng Chen , Renting Rui , Huacan Chai , Lingyue Fu , Wei Xia , Yasheng Wang , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang