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Side-channel attacks currently constitute the main challenge for quantum key distribution (QKD) to bridge theory with practice. So far two main approaches have been introduced to address this problem, (full) device-independent QKD and…

Quantum key distribution performs the trick of growing a secret key in two distant places connected by a quantum channel. The main reason is that the legitimate users can bound the information gathered by the eavesdropper. In practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-03 David Elkouss , Jesus Martinez-Mateo , Vicente Martin

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information-theoretic security based on quantum mechanics and idealized device models. Practical implementations, however, deviate from these models due to unavoidable device imperfections, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Álvaro Navarrete , Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Margarida Pereira , Marcos Curty

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables two distant users to exchange a secret key with information-theoretic security, based on the fundamental laws of quantum physics. While it is arguably the most mature application of quantum…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has the potential to improve communications security by offering cryptographic keys whose security relies on the fundamental properties of quantum physics. The use of a trusted quantum receiver on an orbiting…

The security proof of continuous variable quantum key distribution(CV QKD) based on two assumptions that the eavesdropper can neither act on the local oscillator nor control Bob's beam splitter. These assumptions maybe invalid in practice…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-14 Jing-Zheng Huang , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Hong-Wei Li , Wei Chen , Guan-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

We investigate a quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme which utilizes a biased basis choice in order to increase the efficiency of the scheme. The optimal bias between the two measurement bases, a more refined error analysis, and finite key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-25 C. Erven , X. Ma , R. Laflamme , G. Weihs

Quantum cryptography is now considered as a promising technology due to its promise of unconditional security. In recent years, rigorous work is being done for the experimental realization of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-02 Satish Kumar , Priya Malpani , Britant , Sandeep Mishra , Anirban Pathak

Optical key distribution (OKD) protects the physical layer of communication links by taking advantage of the inherent noise present in the photodetection process. It allows for efficient generation of a shared random key between two distant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Karol Łukanowski , Michał Wójcik , Stefano Olivares , Konrad Banaszek , Marcin Jarzyna

Quantum network communication is challenging, as the No-cloning theorem in quantum regime makes many classical techniques inapplicable. For long-distance communication, the only viable communication approach is teleportation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-08 Mohammad Ghaderibaneh , Caitao Zhan , Himanshu Gupta , C. R. Ramakrishnan

Recent results have shown that the secret-key rate of coherent-one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) scales quadratically with the system's transmittance, thus rendering this protocol unsuitable for long-distance transmission. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Javier Rey-Domínguez , Álvaro Navarrete , Peter van Loock , Marcos Curty

Quantum networks have been shown to connect users with full-mesh topologies without trusted nodes. We present advancements on our scalable polarisation entanglement-based quantum network testbed, which has the ability to perform protocols…

Entanglement is a well-known resource in quantum information, in particular it can be exploited for quantum key distribution (QKD). In this paper we define a two-way QKD scheme employing GHZ-type states of three qubits obtaining an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-07 Davide Pastorello

The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) can easily be obscured if the eavesdropper can utilize technical imperfections of the actual implementation. Here we describe and experimentally demonstrate a very simple but highly effective…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic technique that leverages principles of quantum mechanics to offer extremely high levels of data security during transmission. It is well acknowledged for its capacity to accomplish provable…

A perfect teleportation protocol requires pure maximally shared entangled states. While in reality the shared entanglement is severely degraded due to the inevitable interaction with the noisy environment, which leads to mixed entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Sajede Harraz , Jiao-Yang Zhang , Shuang Cong

Quantum key distribution (QKD) together with one time pad encoding can provide information-theoretical security for communication. Currently, though QKD has been widely deployed in many metropolitan fiber networks, its implementation in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-10 Qiang Zhang , Feihu Xu , Yu-Ao Chen , Cheng-Zhi Peng , Jian-Wei Pan

Practical quantum key distribution (QKD) systems operate under noise, but security of most protocols have been analyzed under ideal noiseless scenarios. In this work, we investigated security performance of BB84 protocol under effect of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Wajiha Masood , Muhammad Waseem , Afshan Irshad

We analyze the security of two-way quantum key distribution using arbitrary finite-dimensional systems, considering both individual and collective eavesdropping attacks, without the effective use of entangled states, by incorporating two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Abhishek Muhuri , Ayan Patra , Rivu Gupta , Tamoghna Das , Aditi Sen De

Current implementations of quantum key distribution (QKD) typically rely on prepare-and-measure (P&M) schemes. Unfortunately, these implementations are not completely secure, unless security proofs fully incorporate all imperfections of…