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A survival dataset describes a set of instances (e.g. patients) and provides, for each, either the time until an event (e.g. death), or the censoring time (e.g. when lost to follow-up - which is a lower bound on the time until the event).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Ali Hossein Gharari Foomani , Michael Cooper , Russell Greiner , Rahul G. Krishnan

Although the independent censoring assumption is commonly used in survival analysis, it can be violated when the censoring time is related to the survival time, which often happens in many practical applications. To address this issue, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-28 Huazhen Yu , Lixin Zhang

Existing survival analysis techniques heavily rely on strong modelling assumptions and are, therefore, prone to model misspecification errors. In this paper, we develop an inferential method based on ideas from conformal prediction, which…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-25 Emmanuel J. Candès , Lihua Lei , Zhimei Ren

Survival analysis is a hotspot in statistical research for modeling time-to-event information with data censorship handling, which has been widely used in many applications such as clinical research, information system and other fields with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Kan Ren , Jiarui Qin , Lei Zheng , Zhengyu Yang , Weinan Zhang , Lin Qiu , Yong Yu

While tabular foundation models have achieved remarkable success in classification and regression, adapting them to model time-to-event outcomes for survival analysis is non-trivial due to right-censoring, where data observations may end…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Da In Kim , Wei Siang Lai , Kelly W. Zhang

Conventional survival metrics, such as Harrell's concordance index (CI) and the Brier Score, rely on the independent censoring assumption for valid inference with right-censored data. However, in the presence of so-called dependent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-20 Christian Marius Lillelund , Shi-ang Qi , Russell Greiner

In survival analysis, subjects often face competing risks; for example, individuals with cancer may also suffer from heart disease or other illnesses, which can jointly influence the prognosis of risks and censoring. Traditional survival…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-12 Xin Liu , Weijia Zhang , Min-Ling Zhang

We present a conformal inference method for constructing lower prediction bounds for survival times from right-censored data, extending recent approaches designed for more restrictive type-I censoring scenarios. The proposed method imputes…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-26 Matteo Sesia , Vladimir Svetnik

Accurately predicting the time of occurrence of an event of interest is a critical problem in longitudinal data analysis. One of the main challenges in this context is the presence of instances whose event outcomes become unobservable after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-26 Ping Wang , Yan Li , Chandan K. Reddy

A characteristic feature of time-to-event data analysis is possible censoring of the event time. Most of the statistical learning methods for handling censored data are limited by the assumption of independent censoring, even if this can…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-27 Alise Danielle Midtfjord , Riccardo De Bin , Arne Bang Huseby

Factorial analyses offer a powerful nonparametric means to detect main or interaction effects among multiple treatments. For survival outcomes, e.g. from clinical trials, such techniques can be adopted for comparing reasonable…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-06 Takeshi Emura , Marc Ditzhaus , Dennis Dobler , Kenta Murotani

Survival analysis is a crucial semi-supervised task in machine learning with numerous real-world applications, particularly in healthcare. Currently, the most common approach to survival analysis is based on Cox's partial likelihood, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Andre Vauvelle , Benjamin Wild , Aylin Cakiroglu , Roland Eils , Spiros Denaxas

Survival trees are popular alternatives to Cox or Aalen regression models that offer both modelling flexibility and graphical interpretability. This paper introduces a new algorithm for survival trees that relaxes the assumption of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-29 Pauline Baur , Markus Pauly , Takeshi Emura

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of variational inference in latent variable models for survival analysis, emphasizing the distinctive challenges associated with applying variational methods to survival data. We identify a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chuanhui Liu , Xiao Wang

Reliable uncertainty quantification is essential in survival prediction, particularly in clinical settings where erroneous decisions carry high risk. Conformal prediction has attracted substantial attention as it offers a model-agnostic…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-04 Jaeyoung Shin , Chi Hyun Lee , Sangwook Kang

Consider a survival time T that is subject to random right censoring, and suppose that T is stochastically dependent on the censoring time C. We are interested in the marginal distribution of T. This situation is often encountered in…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-15 Claudia Czado , Ingrid Van Keilegom

The study of survival data often requires taking proper care of the censoring mechanism that prohibits complete observation of the data. Under right censoring, only the first occurring event is observed: either the event of interest, or a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Myrthe D'Haen , Ingrid Van Keilegom , Anneleen Verhasselt

The analysis of randomized trials with time-to-event endpoints is nearly always plagued by the problem of censoring. As the censoring mechanism is usually unknown, analyses typically employ the assumption of non-informative censoring. While…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-17 Kelly Van Lancker , Oliver Dukes , Stijn Vansteelandt

Bayesian nonparametric methods are a popular choice for analysing survival data due to their ability to flexibly model the distribution of survival times. These methods typically employ a nonparametric prior on the survival function that is…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-22 Edwin Fong , Brieuc Lehmann

In this paper we consider a time-to-event variable $T$ that is subject to random right censoring, and we assume that the censoring time $C$ is stochastically dependent on $T$ and that there is a positive probability of not observing the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-14 Morine Delhelle , Ingrid Van Keilegom
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