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Quantum variational optimization has been posed as an alternative to solve optimization problems faster and at a larger scale than what classical methods allow. In this paper we study systematically the role of entanglement, the structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-30 Pablo Díez-Valle , Diego Porras , Juan José García-Ripoll

Combinatorial optimization on near-term quantum devices is a promising path to demonstrating quantum advantage. However, the capabilities of these devices are constrained by high noise or error rates. In this paper, we propose an iterative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-12 Xiaoyuan Liu , Anthony Angone , Ruslan Shaydulin , Ilya Safro , Yuri Alexeev , Lukasz Cincio

Quantum machine learning -- and specifically Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) -- offers a powerful, flexible paradigm for programming near-term quantum computers, with applications in chemistry, metrology, materials science, data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 M. Bilkis , M. Cerezo , Guillaume Verdon , Patrick J. Coles , Lukasz Cincio

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have demonstrated great potentials in the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. In the workflow of VQA, the parameters of ansatz are iteratively updated to approximate the desired quantum states.…

In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) stand as a prominent strategy for constructing quantum machine learning models. These models comprise both a quantum and a classical component.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-01 Lucas Friedrich , Jonas Maziero

Variational quantum algorithms dominate contemporary gate-based quantum enhanced optimisation, eigenvalue estimation and machine learning. Here we establish the quantum computational universality of variational quantum computation by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-25 Jacob Biamonte

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have emerged in recent years as a promise to obtain quantum advantage. These task-oriented algorithms work in a hybrid loop combining a quantum processor and classical optimization. Using a specific…

Quantum computing is an emerging field on the multidisciplinary interface between physics, engineering, and computer science with the potential to make a large impact on computational intelligence (CI). The aim of this paper is to introduce…

Solving hard optimization problems is one of the most promising application domains for quantum computers due to the ubiquity of such problems in industry and the availability of broadly applicable quantum speedups. However, the ability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Zichang He , Rudy Raymond , Ruslan Shaydulin , Marco Pistoia

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) represent a promising approach to utilizing current quantum computing infrastructures. VQAs are based on a parameterized quantum circuit optimized in a closed loop via a classical algorithm. This hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 David Fitzek , Robert S. Jonsson , Werner Dobrautz , Christian Schäfer

Quantum optimization solvers typically rely on one-variable-to-one-qubit mapping. However, the low qubit count on current quantum computers is a major obstacle in competing against classical methods. Here, we develop a qubit-efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Bhuvanesh Sundar , Maxime Dupont

Quantum enhanced optimization of classical cost functions is a central theme of quantum computing due to its high potential value in science and technology. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Giuseppe Scriva , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Sebastiano Pilati , Guglielmo Mazzola

Quantum variational algorithms are one of the most promising applications of near-term quantum computers; however, recent studies have demonstrated that unless the variational quantum circuits are configured in a problem-specific manner,…

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have the potential of utilizing near-term quantum machines to gain certain computational advantages over classical methods. Nevertheless, modern VQAs suffer from cumbersome computational overhead,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-25 Yuxuan Du , Yang Qian , Dacheng Tao

The major advances in quantum computing over the last few decades have sparked great interest in applying it to solve the most challenging computational problems in a wide variety of areas. One of the most pronounced domains here are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-11 Andreas Sturm , Bharadwaj Mummaneni , Leon Rullkötter

Variational quantum algorithms have emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary quantum algorithms research. While they have demonstrated considerable promise in solving problems of practical interest, efficiently determining the minimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Daniil Rabinovich , Andrey Kardashin , Soumik Adhikary

Solving combinatorial optimization problems on current noisy quantum devices is currently being advocated for (and restricted to) binary polynomial optimization with equality constraints via quantum heuristic approaches. This is achieved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-04 Claudio Gambella , Andrea Simonetto

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), a type of variational quantum algorithm, is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to find the lowest-energy eigenstate of a particular Hamiltonian. We investigate ways to optimize the VQE solving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-30 Adam Hutchings , Eric Yarnot , Xinpeng Li , Qiang Guan , Ning Xie , Shuai Xu , Vipin Chaudhary

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm designed for current and near-term quantum devices. Despite its initial success, there is a lack of understanding involving several of its key aspects. There…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 Manpreet Singh Jattana , Fengping Jin , Hans De Raedt , Kristel Michielsen

A significant hurdle in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era is identifying functional quantum circuits. These circuits must also adhere to the constraints imposed by current quantum hardware limitations. Variational quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-03 Akash Kundu