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AI deployed in the real-world should be capable of autonomously adapting to novelties encountered after deployment. Yet, in the field of continual learning, the reliance on novelty and labeling oracles is commonplace albeit unrealistic.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Amanda S. Rios , Ibrahima J. Ndiour , Parual Datta , Jaroslaw Sydir , Omesh Tickoo , Nilesh Ahuja

In Continual Learning (CL), a neural network is trained on a stream of data whose distribution changes over time. In this context, the main problem is how to learn new information without forgetting old knowledge (i.e., Catastrophic…

Continual learning aims to refine model parameters for new tasks while retaining knowledge from previous tasks. Recently, prompt-based learning has emerged to leverage pre-trained models to be prompted to learn subsequent tasks without the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jisu Han , Jaemin Na , Wonjun Hwang

Recent Prompt-based Continual learning (PCL) has achieved remarkable performance with pre-trained models. These approaches expand a prompt pool by adding a new set of prompts while learning and select the correct set during inference.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Qian Feng , Da-wei Zhou , Hanbin Zhao , Chao Zhang , Jiahua Dong , Dengxin Dai , Hui Qian

By learning a sequence of tasks continually, an agent in continual learning (CL) can improve the learning performance of both a new task and `old' tasks by leveraging the forward knowledge transfer and the backward knowledge transfer,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Sen Lin , Li Yang , Deliang Fan , Junshan Zhang

This work explores the potential of brief inter-agent knowledge transfer (KT) to enhance the robotic object goal navigation (ON) in unseen and unfamiliar environments. Drawing on the analogy of human travelers acquiring local knowledge, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Kouki Terashima , Daiki Iwata , Kanji Tanaka

Knowledge tracing (KT) has recently been an active research area of computational pedagogy. The task is to model students' mastery level of knowledge concepts based on their responses to the questions in the past, as well as predict the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Shanghui Yang , Mengxia Zhu , Xuesong Lu

The main challenge of continual learning is \textit{catastrophic forgetting}. Because of processing data in one pass, online continual learning (OCL) is one of the most difficult continual learning scenarios. To address catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Aopeng Wang , Ke Deng , Yongli Ren , Jun Luo

Open-world object detection (OWOD) is a challenging problem that combines object detection with incremental learning and open-set learning. Compared to standard object detection, the OWOD setting is task to: 1) detect objects seen during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Jinan Yu , Liyan Ma , Zhenglin Li , Yan Peng , Shaorong Xie

Prompt-based continual learning (CL) provides a parameter-efficient approach for adapting large language models (LLMs) across task sequences. However, most existing methods rely on task-aware inference and maintain a growing set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Anushka Tiwari , Sayantan Pal , Rohini K. Srihari , Kaiyi Ji

Classic supervised learning makes the closed-world assumption, meaning that classes seen in testing must have been seen in training. However, in the dynamic world, new or unseen class examples may appear constantly. A model working in such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Hu Xu , Bing Liu , Lei Shu , P. Yu

Continual Learning (CL) aims to incrementally acquire new knowledge while mitigating catastrophic forgetting. Within this setting, Online Continual Learning (OCL) focuses on updating models promptly and incrementally from single or small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Giovanni Donghi , Luca Pasa , Daniele Zambon , Cesare Alippi , Nicolò Navarin

User modeling in large e-commerce platforms aims to optimize user experiences by incorporating various customer activities. Traditional models targeting a single task often focus on specific business metrics, neglecting the comprehensive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Mingdai Yang , Fan Yang , Yanhui Guo , Shaoyuan Xu , Tianchen Zhou , Yetian Chen , Simone Shao , Jia Liu , Yan Gao

Knowledge-enhanced Pre-trained Language Model (PLM) has recently received significant attention, which aims to incorporate factual knowledge into PLMs. However, most existing methods modify the internal structures of fixed types of PLMs by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Jianing Wang , Wenkang Huang , Qiuhui Shi , Hongbin Wang , Minghui Qiu , Xiang Li , Ming Gao

Continual learning (CL) is crucial for evaluating adaptability in learning solutions to retain knowledge. Our research addresses the challenge of catastrophic forgetting, where models lose proficiency in previously learned tasks as they…

Continual learning aims to learn a sequence of tasks by leveraging the knowledge acquired in the past in an online-learning manner while being able to perform well on all previous tasks, this ability is crucial to the artificial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Ya-nan Han , Jian-wei Liu

Existing continual learning (CL) methods mainly rely on fine-tuning or adapting large language models (LLMs). They still suffer from catastrophic forgetting (CF). Little work has been done to exploit in-context learning (ICL) to leverage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Saleh Momeni , Sahisnu Mazumder , Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu

In-context learning (ICL) derives its power from enabling Large Language Models to adapt to new tasks via prompt-based reasoning alone, entirely bypassing the need for parameter updates. Existing theories primarily study ICL in single-task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Guangyu Li , Meng Ding , Lijie Hu

Federated continual learning (FCL) tackles scenarios of learning from continuously emerging task data across distributed clients, where the key challenge lies in addressing both temporal forgetting over time and spatial forgetting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kunlun Xu , Yibo Feng , Jiangmeng Li , Yongsheng Qi , Jiahuan Zhou

This paper introduces INCPrompt, an innovative continual learning solution that effectively addresses catastrophic forgetting. INCPrompt's key innovation lies in its use of adaptive key-learner and task-aware prompts that capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Zhiyuan Wang , Xiaoyang Qu , Jing Xiao , Bokui Chen , Jianzong Wang