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Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a powerful communication tool between users and systems, which enhances the capability of the human brain in communicating and interacting with the environment directly. Advances in neuroscience and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-31 Xiaotong Gu , Zehong Cao , Alireza Jolfaei , Peng Xu , Dongrui Wu , Tzyy-Ping Jung , Chin-Teng Lin

Electroencephalography (EEG) has become one of the key modalities underpinning brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) due to its high temporal resolution, rapid responsiveness, non-invasiveness, low cost, and portability. However, EEG signals are…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-17 Yihang Dong , Changhong Jing , Shuqiang Wang

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable direct communication between the brain and external devices, providing critical support for individuals with motor impairments. However, accurate motor imagery (MI) decoding from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Panagiotis Andrikopoulos , Siamak Mehrkanoon

The present study introduces an innovative approach to the synthesis of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals by integrating diffusion models with reinforcement learning. This integration addresses key challenges associated with traditional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-02 Yang An , Yuhao Tong , Weikai Wang , Steven W. Su

To be practical for real-life applications, models for brain-computer interfaces must be easily and quickly deployable on new subjects, effective on affordable scanning hardware, and small enough to run locally on accessible computing…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-12 Reese Kneeland , Wangshu Jiang , Ugo Bruzadin Nunes , Paul Steven Scotti , Arnaud Delorme , Jonathan Xu

Reconstructing brain sources is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience, crucial for understanding brain function and dysfunction. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals have a high temporal resolution. However, identifying the correct…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Marco Morik , Ali Hashemi , Klaus-Robert Müller , Stefan Haufe , Shinichi Nakajima

Current EEG/MEG-to-text decoding systems suffer from three key limitations: (1) reliance on teacher-forcing methods, which compromises robustness during inference, (2) sensitivity to session-specific noise, hindering generalization across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Jilong Li , Zhenxi Song , Jiaqi Wang , Meishan Zhang , Honghai Liu , Min Zhang , Zhiguo Zhang

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals, known for convenient non-invasive acquisition but low signal-to-noise ratio, have recently gained substantial attention due to the potential to decode natural images. This paper presents a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yonghao Song , Bingchuan Liu , Xiang Li , Nanlin Shi , Yijun Wang , Xiaorong Gao

Brain-to-Image reconstruction aims to recover visual stimuli perceived by humans from brain activity. However, the reconstructed visual stimuli often missing details and semantic inconsistencies, which may be attributed to insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Runze Xia , Shuo Feng , Renzhi Wang , Congchi Yin , Xuyun Wen , Piji Li

A central problem in neuroscience is reconstructing neuronal circuits on the synapse level. Due to a wide range of scales in brain architecture such reconstruction requires imaging that is both high-resolution and high-throughput. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-10-03 Tao Hu , Juan Nunez-Iglesias , Shiv Vitaladevuni , Lou Scheffer , Shan Xu , Mehdi Bolorizadeh , Harald Hess , Richard Fetter , Dmitri Chklovskii

Visual neural decoding seeks to reconstruct or infer perceived visual stimuli from brain activity patterns, providing critical insights into human cognition and enabling transformative applications in brain-computer interfaces and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Wenjiang Zhang , Sifeng Wang , Yuwei Su , Xinyu Li , Chen Zhang , Suyu Zhong

Visual neural decoding from EEG has improved significantly due to diffusion models that can reconstruct high-quality images from decoded latents. While recent works have focused on relatively complex architectures to achieve good…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-25 Teng Fei , Srinivas Ravishankar , Zhining Chen , Abhinav Uppal , Ian Jackson , Virginia R. de Sa

Electroencephalography signals (EEGs) contain rich multi-scale information crucial for understanding brain states, with potential applications in diagnosing and advancing the drug development landscape. However, extracting meaningful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 D. Darankoum , C. Habermacher , J. Volle , S. Grudinin

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used non-invasive technique for monitoring brain activity, but low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) due to various artifacts often compromise its utility. Conventional artifact removal methods require…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-06 Shantanu Sarkar , Piotr Nabrzyski , Saurabh Prasad , Jose Luis Contreras-Vidal

Over recent decades, neuroimaging tools, particularly electroencephalography (EEG), have revolutionized our understanding of the brain and its functions. EEG is extensively used in traditional brain-computer interface (BCI) systems due to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-12 Zaineb Ajra , Binbin Xu , Gérard Dray , Jacky Montmain , Stéphane Perrey

Inferring patterns of synchronous brain activity from a heterogeneous sample of electroencephalograms (EEG) is scientifically and methodologically challenging. While it is intuitively and statistically appealing to rely on readings from…

Brain interfaces are cyber-physical systems that aim to harvest information from the (physical) brain through sensing mechanisms, extract information about the underlying processes, and decide/actuate accordingly. Nonetheless, the brain…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-03-29 Gaurav Gupta , Sergio Pequito , Paul Bogdan

Decoding neural activity into human-interpretable representations is a key research direction in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and computational neuroscience. Recent progress in machine learning and generative AI has driven growing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shreya Shukla , Jose Torres , Akshaj Murhekar , Christina Liu , Abhijit Mishra , Jacek Gwizdka , Shounak Roychowdhury

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based wearable brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face challenges due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and non-stationary neural activity. We introduce in this manuscript a mathematically rigorous framework that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-24 Eva Guttmann-Flury , Shan Zhao , Jian Zhao , Mohamad Sawan

Understanding how the brain encodes external stimuli and how these stimuli can be decoded from the measured brain activities are long-standing and challenging questions in neuroscience. In this paper, we focus on reconstructing the complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-05 Sikun Lin , Thomas Sprague , Ambuj K Singh