English
Related papers

Related papers: Ion Reflection by a Rippled Perpendicular Shock

200 papers

Particle acceleration and heating at mildly relativistic magnetized shocks in electron-ion plasma are investigated with unprecedentedly high-resolution two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations that include ion-scale shock rippling.…

We use kinetic hybrid simulations (kinetic ions - fluid electrons) to characterize the fraction of ions that are accelerated to non-thermal energies at non-relativistic collisionless shocks. We investigate the properties of the shock…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Damiano Caprioli , Ana-Roxana Pop , Anatoly Spitkovsky

Solar wind ion reflection at collisionless shocks regulates foreshock plasma dynamics, yet the quantitative dependence of reflected ion properties on upstream and shock-related parameters remains unclear, causing difficulties in predicting…

Space Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Runyi Liu , Terry Liu , Kun Zhang , Vassilis Angelopoulos , Siqi Zhao

We present results from three-dimensional particle simulations of collisionless shocks with relativistic counter-streaming ion-electron plasmas. Particles are followed over many skin depths downstream of the shock. Open boundaries allow the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Trier Frederiksen , C. B. Hededal , T. Haugboelle , A. Nordlund

Mildly relativistic shocks in magnetized electron-ion plasmas are investigated with 2D kinetic particle-in-cell simulations of unprecedentedly high resolution and large scale for conditions that may be found at internal shocks in blazar…

A thorough understanding of collisionless shocks requires knowledge of how different ion species are accelerated across the shock. We investigate a bow shock crossing using the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft after a coronal mass…

Electron acceleration mechanism at high Mach number collisionless shocks propagating in a weakly magnetized medium is investigated by a self-consistent two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. Simulation results show that strong…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Takanobu Amano , Masahiro Hoshino

It was recently proposed that the electron-frame dissipation measure, the energy transfer from the electromagnetic field to plasmas in the electron's rest frame, identifies the dissipation region of collisionless magnetic reconnection…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-31 Seiji Zenitani , Michael Hesse , Alex Klimas , Carrie Black , Masha Kuznetsova

A two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation is performed to investigate weakly magnetized perpendicular shocks with a magnetization parameter of 6 x 10^-5, which is equivalent to a high Alfv\'en Mach number M_A of ~130. It is shown that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-09-03 Tsunehiko N. Kato , Hideaki Takabe

Particle acceleration in relativistic shocks of electron-positron plasmas with proton admixture is investigated through two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The upstream plasma, with a bulk Lorentz factor of $10$ and a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-02 Huan Yu , Qi Xia , Jun Fang

We present a study of the acceleration of electrons at a perpendicular shock that propagates through a turbulent magnetic field. The energization process of electrons is investigated by utilizing a combination of hybrid (kinetic ions and…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Fan Guo , Joe Giacalone

Energetic particles in interplanetary space are normally measured at time scales that are long compared to the ion gyroperiod. Such observations by necessity average out the microphysics associated with the acceleration and transport of 10s…

Solar Orbiter, a mission developed by the European Space Agency, explores in situ plasma across the inner heliosphere while providing remote-sensing observations of the Sun. Our study examines particle observations for the 30 October 2021…

Collisionless electron-ion shocks are fundamental to astrophysical plasmas, yet their behavior in strong magnetic fields remains poorly understood. Using Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations with the SHARP-1D3V code, we investigate the role…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-17 Mohamad Shalaby , Antoine Bret , Federico Fraschetti

The existence of low frequency waveguide modes of ion acoustic waves is demonstrated in magnetized plasmas for electron temperature striated along the magnetic field lines. At higher frequencies, in a band between the ion cyclotron and the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2010-04-28 P. Guio , H. L. Pecseli

Whistler waves are thought to play an essential role in the dynamics of collisionless shocks. We use the magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) spacecraft to study whistler waves around the lower hybrid frequency, upstream of 11…

Solar wind is probably the best laboratory to study turbulence in astrophysical plasmas. In addition to the presence of magnetic field, the differences with neutral fluid isotropic turbulence are: weakness of collisional dissipation and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Olga Alexandrova , Christopher H. K. Chen , Luca Sorriso-Valvo , Timothy S. Horbury , Stuart D. Bale

We study the pickup ion dynamics and mechanism of multiple reflection and acceleration at the structured quasi-perpendicular supercritical shock. The motion of the pickup ions in the shock is studied analytically and numerically using the…

Space Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 D. Zilbersher , M. Gedalin

We use large hybrid (kinetic protons-fluid electrons) simulations to investigate the transport of energetic particles in self-consistent electromagnetic configurations of collisionless shocks. In previous papers of this series, we showed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 Damiano Caprioli , Anatoly Spitkovsky

A particle-in-cell code is used to examine contributions of the pickup ions (PIs) and the solar wind ions (SWs) to the cross shock electric field at the supercritical, perpendicular shocks. The code treats the pickup ions self-consistently…

Space Physics · Physics 2012-05-22 Zhongwei Yang , Desheng Han , Huigen Yang , Hongqiao Hu , Beichen Zhang , Qinhe Zhang , Ruiyuan Liu