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This paper studies distributed online learning under Byzantine attacks. The performance of an online learning algorithm is often characterized by (adversarial) regret, which evaluates the quality of one-step-ahead decision-making when an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Xingrong Dong , Zhaoxian Wu , Qing Ling , Zhi Tian

Standard federated learning algorithms are vulnerable to adversarial nodes, a.k.a. Byzantine failures. To solve this issue, robust distributed learning algorithms have been developed, which typically replace parameter averaging by robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Renaud Gaucher , Aymeric Dieuleveut , Hadrien Hendrikx

In federated learning (FL), profiling and verifying each client is inherently difficult, which introduces a significant security vulnerability: malicious clients, commonly referred to as Byzantines, can degrade the accuracy of the global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Emre Ozfatura , Kerem Ozfatura , Baturalp Buyukates , Mert Coskuner , Alptekin Kupcu , Deniz Gunduz

Federated learning is a newly emerging distributed learning framework that facilitates the collaborative training of a shared global model among distributed participants with their privacy preserved. However, federated learning systems are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Minghui Li , Wei Wan , Jianrong Lu , Shengshan Hu , Junyu Shi , Leo Yu Zhang , Man Zhou , Yifeng Zheng

In federated learning, multiple client devices jointly learn a machine learning model: each client device maintains a local model for its local training dataset, while a master device maintains a global model via aggregating the local…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Minghong Fang , Xiaoyu Cao , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

As collaborative learning allows joint training of a model using multiple sources of data, the security problem has been a central concern. Malicious users can upload poisoned data to prevent the model's convergence or inject hidden…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Ximing Qiao , Yuhua Bai , Siping Hu , Ang Li , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

In this paper, we propose a robust aggregation method for federated learning (FL) that can effectively tackle malicious Byzantine attacks. At each user, model parameter is firstly updated by multiple steps, which is adjustable over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Shiyuan Zuo , Rongfei Fan , Han Hu , Ning Zhang , Shimin Gong

We consider the federated learning problem where data on workers are not independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.). During the learning process, an unknown number of Byzantine workers may send malicious messages to the central node,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Jie Peng , Zhaoxian Wu , Qing Ling , Tianyi Chen

In safety-critical but computationally resource-constrained applications, deep learning faces two key challenges: lack of robustness against adversarial attacks and large neural network size (often millions of parameters). While the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Vikash Sehwag , Shiqi Wang , Prateek Mittal , Suman Jana

Byzantine attacks hinder the deployment of federated learning algorithms. Although we know that the benign gradients and Byzantine attacked gradients are distributed differently, to detect the malicious gradients is challenging due to (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Wanchuang Zhu , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Simon Luo , Tongliang Liu , Ke Deng

Federated learning systems that jointly preserve Byzantine robustness and privacy have remained an open problem. Robust aggregation, the standard defense for Byzantine attacks, generally requires server access to individual updates or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Raj Kiriti Velicheti , Derek Xia , Oluwasanmi Koyejo

Byzantine-robust distributed optimization relies on robust aggregation rules to mitigate the influence of malicious Byzantine workers. Despite the proliferation of such rules, a unified convergence analysis framework that accommodates…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Boyuan Ruan , Xiaoyu Wang , Ya-Feng Liu

To defend against Byzantine attacks in decentralized learning, most existing methods rely on robust aggregation rules to mitigate the influence of malicious machines. However, these strategies inherently introduce bias, leading to inexact…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-20 Siyuan Zhang , Chengde Qian , Xin Liu , Changliang Zou

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train models without sharing raw data, but it is highly vulnerable to Byzantine attacks. Existing robust approaches can neutralize these threats but incur substantial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Shiyuan Zuo , Jiashuo Li , Rongfei Fan , Han Hu , Jie Xu

While the last few decades have witnessed a huge body of work devoted to inference and learning in distributed and decentralized setups, much of this work assumes a non-adversarial setting in which individual nodes---apart from occasional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-03 Zhixiong Yang , Arpita Gang , Waheed U. Bajwa

Distributed model training is vulnerable to byzantine system failures and adversarial compute nodes, i.e., nodes that use malicious updates to corrupt the global model stored at a parameter server (PS). To guarantee some form of robustness,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-25 Lingjiao Chen , Hongyi Wang , Zachary Charles , Dimitris Papailiopoulos

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients without sharing raw data, but its robustness is threatened by Byzantine behaviors such as data and model poisoning. Existing defenses face fundamental…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Usama Zafar , André M. H. Teixeira , Salman Toor

Federated learning systems are susceptible to adversarial attacks. To combat this, we introduce a novel aggregator based on Huber loss minimization, and provide a comprehensive theoretical analysis. Under independent and identically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Puning Zhao , Fei Yu , Zhiguo Wan

This paper deals with distributed finite-sum optimization for learning over networks in the presence of malicious Byzantine attacks. To cope with such attacks, most resilient approaches so far combine stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Zhaoxian Wu , Qing Ling , Tianyi Chen , Georgios B. Giannakis

Robustness to Byzantine attacks is a necessity for various distributed training scenarios. When the training reduces to the process of solving a minimization problem, Byzantine robustness is relatively well-understood. However, other…