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Physicists have speculated about the properties of the quantum vacuum for at least 85 years; however, only recently have they understood the quantum vacuum sufficiently well to begin making testable predictions. Specifically, using…
It is shown that there are exact solutions of the free Maxwell equations (FME) in vacuum allowing an existence of stable spherical formations of the free magnetic field and ring-like formations of the free electric field. It is detected…
In the presence of an electromagnetic (EM) field the space-time metrics are affected by the field potential. The principle of superposition, which usually rules EM fields, is no longer valid for the biggest fields and Maxwell's equations,…
Recently some hidden inconsistencies in high energy physics and cosmology have been articulated by several scholars. If we follow the usual description we get an unacceptably high cosmological constant as was noticed by Weinberg and others…
We analyze the stability of Maxwell equations in bounded domains taking into account electric and magnetization effects. Well-posedness of the model is obtained by means of semigroup theory. A passitivity assumption guarantees the…
Scattering of electromagnetic (EM) waves by many small particles (bodies) embedded in a homogeneous medium is studied. Physical properties of the particles are described by their boundary impedances. The limiting equation is obtained for…
Maxwell's equations in the vacuum can be formally cast in the form of Schr\"odinger's equation. Unfortunately, the vector to which this equation directly applies is not a wavefunction: its amplitude squared is not a probability density but…
Maxwell's mature presentation of his equations emphasized the unity of electromagnetism and mechanics, subsuming both as "dynamical systems". That intuition of unity has proved both fruitful, as a source of pregnant concepts, and broadly…
The gravitational redshift forms the central part of the majority of the classical tests for the general theory of relativity. It could be successfully checked even in laboratory experiments on the earth's surface. The standard derivation…
We discuss under what conditions the duality between electric and magnetic fields is a valid symmetry of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics. It is shown that Maxwell's equations in the absence of free charges satisfy duality invariance on…
In this work we consider quantum electromagnetic fields in an expanding universe. We start by reviewing the difficulties found when trying to impose the Lorenz condition in a time-dependent geometry. Motivated by this fact, we explore the…
We begin by reviewing the derivation of generalized Maxwell equations from an operational definition of the electromagnetic field and the most basic notions of what constitutes a dynamical field theory. These equations encompass the…
We show that there exists a choice of gauge in which the electromagnetic 4-potential may be written as the difference of two 4-velocity vector fields describing the motion of a two-component space-filling relativistic fluid. Maxwell's…
A quantum mechanics representation based on position ($\vec{r}$), linear momentum($\vec{p}$) and energy($E$) eigenvalues is presented here. A set of equations, explicitly independent on wave function, was derived relating these observables.…
Coupling effects among different physical fields substantially reflect the conversion of energies from one form into another. For simple physical processes, their governing or constitutive equations all satisfy the law of conservation of…
Invoking Maxwell's classical electrodynamics in conjunction with expressions for the electromagnetic (EM) energy, momentum, force, and torque, we use a few simple examples to demonstrate the nature of linear and angular momentum exchange…
The basic concepts and mathematical constructions of the Maxwell--Lorentz electrodynamics in flat spacetime of an arbitrary even dimension $d=2n$ are briefly reviewed. We show that the retarded field strength ${\cal F}^{(2n)}_{\mu\nu}$ due…
Starting from the experimental fact that a moving charge experiences the Lorentz force and applying the fundamental principles of simplicity (first order derivatives only) and linearity (superposition principle), we show that the structure…
The Maxwell equations for an homogeneous medium in which electric currents are composed of Ohmic, diffusive and impressed currents are written in the static approximation in which displacements currents are neglected. Closed exact…
Since almost all phenomena electrodynamics deal with have energy scales much lower than the Higgs mass energy and intermediate boson energy, electrodynamics of continuous media should be applicable and the constitutive relation of…