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Random access codes are an intriguing class of communication tasks that reveal an operational and quantitative difference between classical and quantum information processing. We formulate a natural generalization of random access codes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Teiko Heinosaari , Leevi Leppäjärvi

Random access codes (RACs) are used by a party to despite limited communication access an arbitrary subset of information held by another party. Quantum resources are known to enable RACs that break classical limitations. Here, we study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Armin Tavakoli , Alley Hameedi , Breno Marques , Mohamed Bourennane

We consider two classes of quantum generalisations of Random Access Code (RAC) and study lower bounds for probabilities of success for such tasks. It provides a useful framework for the study of certain information processing tasks with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-16 Nitica Sakharwade , Michał Studziński , Michał Eckstein , Paweł Horodecki

We consider a communication method, where the sender encodes n classical bits into 1 qubit and sends it to the receiver who performs a certain measurement depending on which of the initial bits must be recovered. This procedure is called…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-15 Andris Ambainis , Debbie Leung , Laura Mancinska , Maris Ozols

A (Quantum) Random Access Code ((Q)RAC) is a scheme that encodes $n$ bits into $m$ (qu)bits such that any of the $n$ bits can be recovered with a worst case probability $p>\frac{1}{2}$. Such a code is denoted by the triple $(n,m,p)$. It is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-17 Ola Liabøtrø

A random access code (RAC), corresponding to a communication primitive with various applications in quantum information theory, is an instance of a preparation-and-measurement scenario. In this work, we consider (n,d)-RACs constituting an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 Andris Ambainis , Dmitry Kravchenko , Sk Sazim , Joonwoo Bae , Ashutosh Rai

We propose a protocol to encode classical bits in the measurement statistics of many-body Pauli observables, leveraging quantum correlations for a random access code. Measurement contexts built with these observables yield outcomes with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Giancarlo Gatti , Daniel Huerga , Enrique Solano , Mikel Sanz

A random access code (RAC) is a communication task in which the sender encodes a random message into a shorter one to be decoded by the receiver so that a randomly chosen character of the original message is recovered with some probability.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-23 Gabriel Pereira Alves , Nicolas Gigena , Jędrzej Kaniewski

Random access coding is an information task that has been extensively studied and found many applications in quantum information. In this scenario, Alice receives an $n$-bit string $x$, and wishes to encode $x$ into a quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 André Chailloux , Iordanis Kerenidis , Srijita Kundu , Jamie Sikora

Random access code (RAC) is an important communication protocol to obtain information about a randomly specified substring of an n-bit string, while only having limited information about the n-bit string. Quantum RACs usually utilise either…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-21 Som Kanjilal , C Jebarathinam , Tomasz Paterek , Dipankar Home

Randomness is an invaluable resource in today's life with a broad use reaching from numerical simulations through randomized algorithms to cryptography. However, on the classical level no true randomness is available and even the use of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-24 Mataj Pivoluska , Martin Plesch

We investigate the task of $d$-level random access codes ($d$-RACs) and consider the possibility of encoding classical strings of $d$-level symbols (dits) into a quantum system of dimension $d'$ strictly less than $d$. We show that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-07 Maria Quadeer , Manik Banik , Andris Ambainis , Ashutosh Rai

A random access code (RAC) encodes an $L$-bit string into a $k$-bit message, where $L>k$, such that any requested bit can be decoded with high probability; a quantum RAC (QRAC) replaces the message with $k$ qubits. This paper provides a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Ruho Kondo , Yuki Sato , Hiroshi Yano , Yota Maeda , Kosuke Ito , Naoki Yamamoto

We consider the compound memoryless quantum multiple-access channel (QMAC) with two sending terminals. In this model, the transmission is governed by the memoryless extensions of a completely positive and trace preserving map which can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-25 Holger Boche , Gisbert Janßen , Sajad Saeedinaeeni

A random access code (RAC) is a strategy to encode a message into a shorter one in a way that any bit of the original can still be recovered with nontrivial probability. Encoding with quantum bits rather than classical ones can improve this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-21 Giulio Foletto , Luca Calderaro , Giuseppe Vallone , Paolo Villoresi

Random numbers are used in a wide range of sciences. In many applications, generating unpredictable private random numbers is indispensable. Device-independent quantum random number generation is a framework that makes use of the intrinsic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Máté Farkas , Jurij Volčič , Sigurd A. L. Storgaard , Ranyiliu Chen , Laura Mančinska

Measurement incompatibility stipulates the existence of quantum measurements that cannot be carried out simultaneously on single systems. We show that the set of input-output probabilities obtained from d-dimensional classical systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-13 Debashis Saha , Debarshi Das , Arun Kumar Das , Bihalan Bhattacharya , A. S. Majumdar

An $n\overset{p}{\mapsto}m$ random access code (RAC) is an encoding of $n$ bits into $m$ bits such that any initial bit can be recovered with probability at least $p$, while in a quantum RAC (QRAC), the $n$ bits are encoded into $m$ qubits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-10 João F. Doriguello , Ashley Montanaro

We work out a theory of approximate quantum error correction that allows us to derive a general lower bound for the entanglement fidelity of a quantum code. The lower bound is given in terms of Kraus operators of the quantum noise. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rochus Klesse

Useful applications of quantum information technologies can be found by identifying tasks in which quantum resources outperform their classical counterparts. In this work, we introduce a two-party communication primitive, random exclusion…

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