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The quantum algorithm with polynomial time for discrete logarithm problem proposed by Shor is one of the most significant quantum algorithms, but a large number of qubits may be required in the Noisy Intermediate-scale Quantum (NISQ) era.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Hao Li , Daowen Qiu

Precise suites of benchmarks are required to assess the progress of early fault-tolerant quantum computers at economically impactful applications such as cryptanalysis. Appropriate challenges exist for factoring but those for elliptic curve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Pierre-Luc Dallaire-Demers , William Doyle , Timothy Foo

The Hidden Subgroup Problem is used in many quantum algorithms such as Simon's algorithm and Shor's factoring and discrete log algorithms. A polynomial time solution is known in case of abelian groups, and normal subgroups of arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Massoud Amini , Mehrdad Kalantar , Mahmood M. Roozbehani

Since the elliptic curve discrete logarithms problem (ECDLP) was proposed, it has been widely used in cryptosystem because of its strong security. Although the proposal of the extended Shor's algorithm offers hope for cracking ECDLP, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Xia Liu , Huan Yang , Li Yang

Amongst the most remarkable successes of quantum computation are Shor's efficient quantum algorithms for the computational tasks of integer factorisation and the evaluation of discrete logarithms. In this article we review the essential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-18 Richard Jozsa

In this paper, we intend to study the geometric meaning of the discrete logarithm problem defined over an Elliptic Curve. The key idea is to reduce the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (EC-DLP) into a system of equations. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Daniele Di Tullio , Ankan Pal

Shor's algorithm efficiently solves factoring and discrete logarithm problems using quantum computers, compromising all public key schemes used today. These schemes rely on assumptions on their computational complexity, which quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Jaime S. Buruaga , Ruben B. Méndez , Juan P. Brito , Vicente Martin

Shor's factoring algorithm (SFA), by its ability to efficiently factor large numbers, has the potential to undermine contemporary encryption. At its heart is a process called order finding, which quantum mechanics lets us perform…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-03 Frédéric Grosshans , Thomas Lawson , François Morain , Benjamin Smith

Considering the difficult problem under classical computing model can be solved by the quantum algorithm in polynomial time, t-multiple discrete logarithm problems presented. The problem is non-degeneracy and unique solution. We talk about…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-26 Xiangqun Fu , Wansu Bao , Jianhong Shi , Xiang Wang

Solving the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP) is critical for evaluating the quantum security of widely deployed elliptic-curve cryptosystems. Consequently, minimizing the number of logical qubits required to execute this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Han Luo , Ziyi Yang , Ziruo Wang , Yuexin Su , Tongyang Li

For $q$ a prime power, the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) in $\mathbb{F}_{q}$ consists in finding, for any $g \in \mathbb{F}_{q}^{\times}$ and $h \in \langle g \rangle$, an integer $x$ such that $g^x = h$. We present an algorithm for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Robert Granger , Thorsten Kleinjung , Jens Zumbrägel

In late 2012 and early 2013 the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) in finite fields of small characteristic underwent a dramatic series of breakthroughs, culminating in a heuristic quasi-polynomial time algorithm, due to Barbulescu, Gaudry,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-13 Robert Granger , Thorsten Kleinjung , Jens Zumbrägel

Let f be an arbitrary positive integer valued function. The goal of this note is to show that one can construct a finitely generated group in which the discrete log problem is polynomially equivalent to computing the function f. In…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Christopher Battarbee , Arman Darbinyan , Delaram Kahrobaei

One of the most promising and versatile approaches to creating new quantum algorithms is based on the quantum hidden subgroup (QHS) paradigm, originally suggested by Alexei Kitaev. This class of quantum algorithms encompasses the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Samuel J. Lomonaco , Louis H. Kauffman

Diffie-Hellman key-agreement and RSA cryptosystem are widely used to provide security in internet protocols. But both of the two algorithms are totally breakable using Shor's algorithms. This paper proposes two connected matrix-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Abdelhaliem Babiker

This paper proposes a new signature scheme based on two hard problems : the cube root extraction modulo a composite moduli (which is equivalent to the factorisation of the moduli, IFP) and the discrete logarithm problem(DLP). By combining…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-09-24 Abdoul Aziz Ciss , Ahmed Youssef Ould Cheikh

Quantum computers have the potential to perform computational tasks beyond the reach of classical machines. A prominent example is Shor's algorithm for integer factorization and discrete logarithms, which is of both fundamental importance…

Shor algorithm led to the discovery of multiple vulnerabilities in a number of cryptosystems. As a result, post-quantum cryptography attempts to provide cryptographic solutions that can face these attacks, ensuring the security of sensitive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 I. Cherkaoui , S. Belabssir , J. Horgan , I. Dey

We consider an application to the discrete log problem using completely regular semigroups which may provide a more secure symmetric cryptosystem than the classic system based on groups. In particular we describe a scheme that would appear…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-18 James Renshaw

In this paper we discuss the Hidden Subgroup Problem (HSP) in relation to post-quantum group-based cryptography. We review the relationship between HSP and other computational problems discuss an optimal solution method, and review the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Kelsey Horan , Delaram Kahrobaei